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Navigating Sequence Risk in Retirement: Lessons and Strategies for FirstEnergy Employees

Healthcare Provider Update: Healthcare Provider for FirstEnergy FirstEnergy Corporation primarily utilizes the services of UnitedHealthcare as its healthcare provider for employee benefits. This partnership helps ensure that FirstEnergy employees have access to a comprehensive suite of health benefits. Potential Healthcare Cost Increases in 2026 As we look towards 2026, FirstEnergy employees may face significant healthcare cost increases, primarily driven by the anticipated expiration of enhanced premium subsidies under the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Without these subsidies, many enrollees could see their premiums rise by over 75%, creating substantial out-of-pocket expenses. Coupled with a rising medical cost trend of around 8%, employers are likely to shift a greater share of these costs onto employees, potentially raising premiums by an average of 8.5% as reported in various industry surveys. This confluence of factors illustrates a challenging landscape for healthcare affordability in the upcoming year. Click here to learn more

'FirstEnergy employees approaching retirement should recognize that the sequence of market returns in their early years can influence the longevity of their income far more than the average return itself, making disciplined withdrawal strategies and diversified income planning essential.' – Brent Wolf, a representative of The Retirement Group, a division of Wealth Enhancement.

'FirstEnergy employees nearing retirement can benefit from understanding how market downturns early in retirement may have lasting effects, and from adopting flexible, research-based withdrawal and allocation strategies to help sustain their income over time.' – Paul Bergeron, a representative of The Retirement Group, a division of Wealth Enhancement.

In this article we will discuss:

Historical examples of sequence-of-returns risk and their effects on retirement income.
Why the first years of retirement are most critical for portfolio sustainability.
Research‑backed strategies for managing sequence risk and supporting long‑term retirement goals.

Contributed by Paul Bergeron and Brent Wolf of Wealth Enhancement

For Fortune 500 employees approaching retirement, recognizing the timing of returns—not just the average return—can be critical to keeping income going over the long term. This concept, known as sequence-of‑returns risk, shows how poor early market performance in retirement can have a lasting impact on a withdrawal plan, even if long-term averages seem strong. Historical market data provides clear examples of this risk and offers practical methods for responding to it.

Historical examples of sequence risk

Fortune 500 retirees entering retirement during tough market cycles face situations similar to the declines seen in the late 1960s, when the market hit two bear markets (1968–70 and 1973–74) alongside high inflation. The S&P 500 dropped roughly 48% during the 1973–74 bear market, compounding inflation-related difficulties. ¹ Likewise, those retiring in 2000 endured two severe bear markets in the decade, while 2022 proved one of the toughest years for balanced portfolios, with sharp drops in both U.S. stocks and high-quality bonds.

Why the early years matter most

For a Fortune 500 retiree, significant losses in the first five to ten years of retirement—combined with regular withdrawals—can shrink the number of shares left to rebound when markets recover. Academic studies and industry research repeatedly show that even with the same average return, the order of gains and losses plays a huge role in retirement outcomes.

Research-backed strategies to manage sequence risk

One effective method for Fortune 500 retirees is keeping a mix of asset types to help weather downturns. Cash and bonds can act as “shock absorbers” for immediate expenses, reducing the need to sell stocks during market dips. Flexible withdrawal approaches—such as adjusting withdrawals within set guardrails—have been shown to support portfolio longevity better than fixed-dollar withdrawal methods.

Staging risk in a retirement portfolio—by holding one to two years of expenses in cash-like assets and several years in short‑ to intermediate‑term bonds—may give equities time to recover before they're tapped for income. For some Fortune 500 retirees, delaying income sources like Social Security can help raise total lifetime income and lessen the need to tap investments during volatile times. Thoughtful rebalancing and managing tax lots, especially during downturns, can also help maintain equity exposure and extend portfolio lifespan.

Implications for retirement planning

While higher stock allocations may offer greater long-term growth potential, they also increase sequence risk in early retirement for Fortune 500 workers. Historically, balanced portfolios—often with 30% to 50% equities for income-focused funds—have supported more resilient initial withdrawal rates compared to all-stock strategies. ² Strong early-market results can set up long-term success, but disciplined spending limits, guardrails, and rebalancing remain key.

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Sources:

1.The New York Times. ' What Happens When Stock Markets Become Bears ,' by William Davis, Karl Russell, and Stephen Gandel. 13 June 2022.

2. Vanguard UK. ' Sustainable Spending Rates in Turbulent Markets ,' by Daga, Ankul, et al. Mar. 2021, pp. 1–7.

Other Resources:

1. Guyton, Jonathan T., and William J. Klinger. “ Decision Rules and Maximum Initial Withdrawal Rates .” Journal of Financial Planning , vol. 19, no. 3, Mar. 2006, pp. 48–50, 52–54, 56–58. Financial Planning Association.

2. “ Timeline of U.S. Stock Market Crashes .” Investopedia , 30 Oct. 2024, section “The 1973–74 Oil Crisis Bear Market.”

3. ' When to Start Receiving Retirement Benefits. ' Social Security Administration, Pub. No. 05-10147, May 2024, pp. 1–2.

4. Arnott, Amy C., CFA, and Ivanna Hampton. “ Why More Diversification Doesn’t Mean Better Returns .” Morningstar , 7 June 2024.

How does FirstEnergy ensure that employees understand their pension payment options after retirement, and what resources does FirstEnergy provide to help them navigate these options effectively? Discuss the various types of pension plans available and how they cater to different employee needs at FirstEnergy.

Pension Payment Options: FirstEnergy ensures that employees understand their pension payment options by providing an online pension pay statement system, which allows them to view their payments and tax information. This online platform also offers access to various pension plans like qualified and non-qualified pensions, catering to different employee needs, such as federal and state tax withholding options for qualified pensions(FirstEnergy_Online_Pens…).

What are the steps that FirstEnergy employees must follow when changing their direct deposit information for pension benefits, and how does FirstEnergy facilitate this process? Explore the importance of keeping direct deposit information updated, especially for retired employees who rely on timely monthly payments.

Direct Deposit Changes: To update direct deposit information for pension benefits, FirstEnergy employees need to complete Form X-901, available on their website. FirstEnergy simplifies the process by providing clear steps on how to obtain and submit the form, ensuring that retirees receive their monthly payments without interruption(FirstEnergy_Online_Pens…).

In what ways does FirstEnergy support employees in understanding the tax implications associated with their pension plans, and what specific IRS forms should they be aware of? Discuss how FirstEnergy employees can proactively manage their tax withholding choices and the potential consequences of inadequate planning.

Tax Implications: FirstEnergy helps employees manage tax implications of their pension plans by directing them to the correct IRS forms, such as Form W-4P for federal taxes. They also provide assistance through their online platform to help employees adjust their tax withholding to avoid potential underpayment issues(FirstEnergy_Online_Pens…).

FirstEnergy has a unique approach to online pension statements. How does this change from traditional paper statements impact the way employees access and manage their pension information? Evaluate the benefits and possible challenges faced by employees in transitioning to this digital format.

Online Pension Statements: FirstEnergy’s transition to online pension statements, effective March 2020, eliminates mailed statements. This change enables employees to conveniently access their pension details through any web browser, although some may find it challenging to switch from paper to digital(FirstEnergy_Online_Pens…).

What procedures should FirstEnergy employees follow if they encounter discrepancies in their pension payment amounts, and how does the company assist them in resolving these issues? Examine the importance of clear communication channels between employees and FirstEnergyâ€™s HR service center for addressing payment concerns.

Resolving Payment Discrepancies: If there is a discrepancy in a pension payment, FirstEnergy advises employees to contact their HR Service Center for resolution. Clear communication channels, such as dedicated phone numbers, are provided to facilitate prompt handling of these issues(FirstEnergy_Online_Pens…).

Describe how FirstEnergyâ€™s pension plan aligns with the companyâ€™s overall commitment to employee benefits and welfare. What role does the pension plan play in attracting and retaining talent within FirstEnergy, and how does it compare to industry standards?

Pension Plan and Employee Benefits: FirstEnergy’s pension plan aligns with the company’s broader commitment to employee welfare by offering structured retirement benefits. This plan is instrumental in attracting and retaining talent by offering competitive benefits comparable to industry standards(FirstEnergy_Online_Pens…).

How can employees at FirstEnergy effectively contact the company for further information about their pension benefits? Elaborate on the various communication methods available, including phone numbers, email, and online resources, ensuring they know how to reach out for specific inquiries.

Contacting FirstEnergy: Employees can contact FirstEnergy for pension-related inquiries through multiple channels, including a dedicated HR Service Center phone number, email options, and an online pension portal. These methods provide flexibility for addressing specific pension concerns(FirstEnergy_Online_Pens…).

With the introduction of new IRS limits for retirement plans in 2024, what changes should FirstEnergy employees be aware of regarding their pension contributions? Discuss how these changes could affect their retirement savings strategies and overall financial wellness.

2024 IRS Limits: FirstEnergy employees should be aware of new IRS limits for retirement plans that may affect their pension contributions. These changes could influence their retirement savings strategies, requiring them to review and adjust contributions to optimize their financial wellness(FirstEnergy_Online_Pens…).

What resources does FirstEnergy provide to help employees better understand the differences between qualified and non-qualified retirement plans, and how do these distinctions affect their retirement benefits? Look into how employee education plays a pivotal role in helping them make informed decisions.

Qualified vs. Non-Qualified Plans: FirstEnergy offers resources to help employees distinguish between qualified and non-qualified retirement plans, such as detailed forms and guidelines. Understanding these distinctions helps employees make informed decisions about their retirement benefits(FirstEnergy_Online_Pens…).

In the context of FirstEnergyâ€™s commitment to environmental stewardship, how has the companyâ€™s shift to online pension statements reflected its sustainability efforts, and what additional measures could be implemented to enhance this initiative? Consider the long-term benefits of such practices for both the company and its retirees.

Sustainability Efforts: FirstEnergy’s shift to online pension statements supports their environmental stewardship goals by reducing paper use. While this initiative reflects their sustainability efforts, additional measures like expanding digital tools and resources could further enhance these practices(FirstEnergy_Online_Pens…).

With the current political climate we are in it is important to keep up with current news and remain knowledgeable about your benefits.

401(k) Savings Plan: FirstEnergy allows employees to participate in the 401(k) Savings Plan starting from their date of hire. Employees may contribute between 1% and 75% of their base pay on either a before-tax, Roth 401(k), or after-tax basis, or a combination of these. FirstEnergy matches the first 6% of the employee's contributions with 50 cents per dollar, using company stock for this match (FirstEnergy Corp.). This 401(k) plan provides flexibility for employees to tailor their retirement savings strategy and includes the benefit of company matching, which helps enhance retirement savings potential over time. Pension Plan: The FirstEnergy Pension Plan is entirely company-funded. Employees become eligible to participate in the plan on the first day of the month following their hire date. Vesting occurs after three years of service, during which the employee must have worked at least 1,000 hours annually (FirstEnergy Corp.). The pension benefits are calculated based on an annual pay credit and an interest credit. The pension formula and the years of service required for eligibility reinforce the company's commitment to providing long-term financial security for its employees during retirement.

Restructuring and Layoffs: In 2023, FirstEnergy announced a significant restructuring plan aimed at reducing operational costs. This included layoffs across various departments as part of an effort to streamline operations and improve efficiency. The company stated that these changes were necessary due to the increasing pressure from regulatory changes and fluctuating energy markets. It is important to address this news because the current economic and political environment is highly volatile, affecting operational costs and regulatory compliance. Keeping updated on such changes can help employees and investors navigate potential impacts on their jobs and investments.

FirstEnergy offers stock options and RSUs as part of their employee compensation packages. The RSUs generally vest over a period of time and are awarded based on performance and tenure. Stock options provide employees with the right to purchase company stock at a set price, potentially benefiting from future stock price increases.

Company Website: Start by checking FirstEnergy’s official website for the most accurate and current information about their health benefits. Look for their HR or Benefits section. Reliable Sources: Search on trusted sources such as: Industry news websites (e.g., Business Insider, Forbes) Financial and employment review sites (e.g., Glassdoor, Indeed) Health benefits and insurance-related sites (e.g., Health Affairs, SHRM) Healthcare-Related Terms and Acronyms: Identify and summarize any specific terms and acronyms used in their benefits descriptions. Recent Employee Healthcare News: Look for any recent news related to changes or updates in FirstEnergy's healthcare benefits.

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For more information you can reach the plan administrator for FirstEnergy at , ; or by calling them at .

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