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Navigating Social Security While Working: Essential Insights for Ameren Employees

65 is the new 55 when it comes to retirement from your Ameren firm, meaning you may have the option to work at the same time you claim Social Security benefits. If you retire from Ameren and get a part-time job or some consulting income, your paycheck can affect the amount you receive monthly, the amount you owe in taxes for the year, and your Medicare premiums.

Reasons abound to keep working, but for most, it simply comes down to math and to emotions.

With a longer lifespan on average, many of our clients from Ameren are concerned they won't have enough savings to last their lifetime, and understandably so.

If you plan to keep working after retiring from your Ameren while collecting Social Security, here is what you need to keep in mind:

Timing Matters

If you start your Social Security benefits before your (FRA), or full retirement age (which is between 66 and 67, depending on the year you were born), you will end up with a permanently reduced monthly benefit because of the early age. If you claim at the earliest possible age of 62, your monthly checks could be up to 30% less than at your full retirement age(FRA). ¹

There will also be an earnings test until you reach that full retirement age(FRA): If you have earned income in excess of $19,560 in 2022, your benefits will be reduced by $1 for every $2 of earned income over the limit.

The year you reach your full retirement age(FRA), the earnings test limit is $51,960 in 2022, and your benefits will be reduced by $1 for every $3 of earned income over the limit.

These reduced benefits do not just 'disappear'. If your benefits have been reduced due to earnings, your monthly Social Security check will be increased after your full retirement age(FRA) to account for benefits withheld earlier due to excess earnings.

Note: Earned Income does not include investment income, pension payments, government retirement income, military pension payments, or similar types of 'unearned' income.

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'Earned Income' includes wages, net earnings from self-employment, bonuses, vacation pay, and commissions earned—because they're all based upon employment. Once you reach your full retirement age(FRA), there is no earnings test and no benefit reductions based on earned income.

Scenarios: Claiming Social Security at 62 while working

This hypothetical example is calculated by Fidelity Financial Solutions Team, using Social Security and tax tools. The tools are based on data and methodology published by the Social Security Administration (as of March 2022) and Internal Revenue Service (as of March 2022). All benefits are calculated in today’s dollar.(See: Income Taxes And Your Social Security Benefit for more information.). The actual benefit would be adjusted for inflation. State/Local taxes are not considered. All the numbers are rounded to the closest $500. Example assumes an individual turning 62 in 2022, makes $100K/year before retirement, $65K/year expenses in retirement, receives $24K/year Social Security benefits at age 62, single tax filing status, and standard deduction for federal tax purpose. Any additional income needs are covered by withdrawals from tax deferred account, therefore are fully taxable.

Tax Impacts

Separate from the earnings test, Social Security benefits themselves are subject to federal income taxes above certain levels of 'combined income.' Combined income generally consists of your adjusted gross income (AGI), ² nontaxable interest, and one-half of your Social Security benefits.

For individual filers with combined income below $25,000, none of your Social Security is taxed. For joint filers with combined income below $32,000, none of your Social Security is taxed. (See: Income Taxes And Your Social Security Benefit for more information.)
For individual filers with combined income of $25,000 to $34,000, 50% of your Social Security benefit may be subject to federal income taxes. If your combined income exceeds $34,000, then up to 85% of your Social Security benefits could be taxed.
For joint filers with combined incomes of $32,000 to $44,000, 50% of your Social Security benefit may be subject to federal income taxes. If your combined income exceeds $44,000, then up to 85% of your Social Security benefits could be taxed.

Regardless of your income level, no more than 85% of your Social Security benefits will ever be subject to federal taxation.

Additionally, 11 states also tax your Social Security benefits. The rules and exemptions vary widely across this group so it is wise to research the rules for your state or consult with a tax professional if you're one of our Ameren clients that this applies. ³

State Social Security Tax

The eleven states below impose a tax on Social Security benefits to varying degrees.

Colorado

Colorado's pension-subtraction system exempts up to $24,000 in pension and annuity income, including some Social Security benefits. The exemption is based on your age, starting at age 55.

Connecticut

Connecticut partially or fully exempts Social Security benefits, based on a person's filing status and income.

Kansas

Kansas exempts Social Security benefits from state tax, based on the taxpayer's income. Your Social Security benefits are exempt from Kansas income tax if your federal adjusted gross income (AGI) is $75,000 or less, regardless of your filing status.

Minnesota

Minnesota partially taxes Social Security benefits. The state allows a subtraction from benefits ranging from $2,725 for married taxpayers who file separately, to $4,260 for single taxpayers, to $5,450 for married taxpayers who file jointly. The rule is subject to phaseouts starting at incomes of $82,770 for joint married filers, $41,385 for married taxpayers filing separately, and $64,670 for heads of household and single filers. The subtraction is less for these incomes and eventually phases out entirely as you earn more.

Missouri

Missouri exempts Social Security benefits from state tax, provided that the individual is age 62 or older and has adjusted gross income of less than $100,000 if married and filing jointly, or $85,000 for all other filing statuses. Those who earn more than that might qualify for the exemption if they're disabled.

Montana

Montana asks residents to use the Montana Individual Income Tax Return to determine the portion of Social Security benefits that's taxable by the state (page 5 and page 6). That might be different from the federal amount.

Nebraska

Starting in 2022, Nebraska began phasing out taxation of social security benefits. The state allows a deduction for Social Security income that's included in your federal adjusted gross income if your federal Adjusted Gross Income(AGI) is less than or equal to $61,760 for married couples filing jointly, or $45,790 for all other filers.

New Mexico

Starting in 2022, the state of New Mexico changed rules that would exempt most seniors from paying tax on social security benefits. This exemption is available to taxpayers with the following income thresholds — $100,000 for single filers, $150,000 for married filers filing jointly, and $75,000 for married filers filing separately.

Rhode Island

Rhode Island has an exemption on Social Security taxation for those who have reached full retirement age as defined by the IRS. Eligible taxpayers must have federal Adjusted Gross Income(AGI)s of $88,950 if single, or $111,200 if married and filing jointly.

Utah

In late 2019, Utah adopted a sweeping tax bill that includes a tax credit for Social Security benefits that are included in a taxpayer's federal adjusted gross income. The Adjusted Gross Income(AGI) thresholds are $25,000 for married filing separately, $50,000 for married filing jointly, and $30,000 for single filers.

Vermont

Vermont previously followed the federal rules for determining the taxable portion of Social Security benefits, and then it adopted exemptions for taxpayers with incomes below $25,000 for single filers and $32,000 for other statuses. Benefits for those with higher incomes are taxed at incremental levels, with no exemption available for Adjusted Gross Income(AGI) of over $55,000 if single or over $70,000 if you're married and file jointly.

Medicare & Social Security

In addition to federal and possibly state income taxes, you will pay Social Security and Medicare taxes on any wages earned in retirement. There is no age limit on these withholdings, nor any exemption for any sort of Social Security benefits status.

These earnings can also count toward the calculation of your benefits. The Social Security Administration checks your earnings record each year and will increase your benefit, if appropriate, based on these additional earnings.

If you are making much less in retirement than before, could it hurt your benefits?

No. This is because the benefit payment is still based on your 35 highest years of earnings. At worst, there would be no impact; at best, it could help if this replaces any of the lower 35 years.

Note: Your earnings may not only push you into a higher tax bracket, but also into a higher threshold for your Medicare premiums once you are over 65. Medicare sets the cost (premium) for Part B each year at a fixed rate for most participants ($170.10 a month for 2022), but it increases for individuals with an annual income over $91,000 and married couples with an annual income above $182,000. The cost for these higher-earning participants can range from $238.10 to $578.30 per month in 2022.

If your income is above a certain level, you may have to pay IRMAA (Income-Related Monthly Adjusted Amount) in addition to your Part B or Part D premium. We recommend you consult with a tax professional for more details on whether or not you are affected.

Can I Contribute to a Retirement Account?

Another key advantage of ongoing earned income even after you collect Social Security is that you can keep contributing to your retirement savings accounts like traditional IRAs, health savings accounts (HSAs), Roth IRAs, and 401(k)s.

Note: If you are over 72, you will have to take the required minimum distribution (RMD) from your traditional IRA, except for during the 2020 pause because of COVID-19.

Your traditional 401(k), or similar Ameren retirement plan, is a different story. In general, you can continue stashing away money in your current Ameren-provided plan as long as you're still working, even part-time, and you can delay taking your RMD until after you retire.

These additional savings can help, especially if your savings are running a bit behind your goals. The combination of the added savings, tax-deferred growth potential, and the ability to defer tapping into your savings can be powerful, even at the end of your working career.

How does the Ameren retirement plan design ensure that employees' benefits under the Union Cash Balance Plan grow over time, and what specific features contribute to this growth? Discuss how amortization methodologies and interest credits are determined for Ameren employees, particularly in relation to age and years of service.

Growth of Benefits: Ameren’s Union Cash Balance Plan ensures growth through annual interest credits and regular credits based on the employee’s age and pensionable earnings. Interest credits are applied at a rate of 5%, subject to change yearly based on Treasury rates plus an additional 1%. Employees also receive regular credits that increase with age, ranging from 3% to 8% of pensionable earnings(Ameren_Corporation_Sept…).

In what ways can employees of Ameren leverage the various payment methods available to them upon retirement? Elaborate on how the choice between lump-sum payments and annuities impacts their financial planning post-retirement.

Payment Methods: Ameren offers employees flexibility in receiving benefits as a lump sum or annuity. Lump sum payments provide immediate access to all benefits, which can be rolled over into other retirement accounts, while annuities provide steady income for life. Choosing between these affects financial planning by balancing immediate liquidity versus long-term income security(Ameren_Corporation_Sept…).

What are the implications of leaving Ameren before reaching retirement age, particularly in regard to vesting and benefit access? Discuss the conditions that affect an employee's eligibility and the importance of completing the required years of service.

Leaving Before Retirement: If an employee leaves Ameren before reaching retirement age but has completed three years of service, they are vested and entitled to their full cash balance account. If an employee leaves before vesting, their account is forfeited. Completing the required years of service is critical for retaining benefits(Ameren_Corporation_Sept…).

How does the Ameren Corporation balance contributions to the retirement plan with the need to comply with IRS regulations, specifically with the aim of avoiding a "top heavy" classification? Analyze how this impacts employee benefits and the strategies used by Ameren to ensure compliance.

Compliance with IRS Regulations: Ameren ensures compliance with IRS “top heavy” rules by monitoring the allocation of contributions to avoid excessive benefits going to key employees. If more than 60% of benefits are allocated to key employees, Ameren must provide minimum benefits to non-key employees, impacting overall contributions and plan design(Ameren_Corporation_Sept…)(Ameren_Corporation_Sept…).

What are the survivor benefits options available under Ameren's Union Cash Balance Plan, and how are these benefits calculated for spouses and non-spouse beneficiaries? Provide details on how varying age differences between an employee and their beneficiary affect these calculations.

Survivor Benefits: Under the Union Cash Balance Plan, a spouse beneficiary receives survivor benefits either as a lump sum or lifetime annuity. Non-spouse beneficiaries receive a lump sum. The calculation of survivor benefits adjusts based on the age difference between the employee and the beneficiary(Ameren_Corporation_Sept…).

How do the changes in IRS limits for retirement accounts in 2024 potentially affect employees of Ameren when planning for retirement? Discuss the strategic considerations Ameren employees should take into account in relation to contribution limits and catch-up provisions.

IRS Limits and 2024 Changes: Changes to IRS contribution limits in 2024 may affect employees by altering the maximum they can contribute to retirement accounts, including catch-up provisions for those over 50. Ameren employees should monitor these changes to maximize their retirement savings strategies(Ameren_Corporation_Sept…).

In what ways does the Ameren Corporation's retirement plan administration ensure transparency and participant rights, particularly under ERISA? Explore the various rights employees have regarding access to plan documents and the recourse available in the event of a benefit claim denial.

ERISA Rights and Transparency: Ameren ensures transparency and adherence to ERISA, giving employees the right to access plan documents, including the SPD and financial reports. In case of benefit claim denials, employees can appeal and, if necessary, pursue legal action(Ameren_Corporation_Sept…).

How can Ameren employees contact the company to learn more about their retirement benefits and navigate the complexities of the Union Cash Balance Plan? Discuss the available resources and support channels for employees to gain clarity on their benefits.

Contact for Plan Information: Ameren employees can contact the company through its pension benefits line at 877.7my.Ameren for details on retirement benefits and support with navigating the Union Cash Balance Plan. Online resources like myAmeren Pension Benefits also provide account information and assistance(Ameren_Corporation_Sept…).

What specific factors influence the calculation of interest credits in the Union Cash Balance Plan, and how do these credits affect the overall retirement savings of Ameren employees? Analyze the importance of understanding these factors in relation to future financial security.

Interest Credits: Interest credits are determined based on a fixed rate (5%) or the sum of Treasury Constant Maturity rates plus an additional percentage, ensuring steady account growth. Understanding how these credits accumulate is essential for predicting future retirement savings(Ameren_Corporation_Sept…).

How does the flexibility provided in the Ameren retirement plan enhance employee satisfaction and encourage long-term retention? Discuss the impact of features such as portability of benefits and options for account growth on employee engagement.

Flexibility and Retention: The portability of benefits and the ability to choose between lump sum or annuity payments enhances employee satisfaction and retention. Employees can take their vested account balance if they leave Ameren, encouraging long-term engagement(Ameren_Corporation_Sept…).

With the current political climate we are in it is important to keep up with current news and remain knowledgeable about your benefits.

News: Ameren has announced a major restructuring plan involving the reduction of its workforce by 5% and a review of its pension benefits structure. The company is also implementing changes to its 401(k) plan, including reducing matching contributions to align with cost-saving measures.
Importance: Addressing this news is crucial due to the current economic uncertainty, which affects investment decisions and tax planning. The reduction in benefits and pensions could impact employees' retirement planning and financial stability, making it essential to stay informed about these changes. Additionally, the restructuring may influence Ameren's stock performance and investor sentiment in the broader market.

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For more information you can reach the plan administrator for Ameren at 1901 Chouteau Avenue St. Louis, MO 63103; or by calling them at (800) 755-5000.