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What is a Cash Balance Plan and How Does it Work for Cummins Inc Employees?

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Healthcare Provider Update: Healthcare Provider for Cummins Inc. Cummins Inc. primarily administers its employee health benefits through major insurance providers, including UnitedHealthcare and Anthem Blue Cross Blue Shield (BCBS), among others. Potential Healthcare Cost Increases in 2026 As Cummins Inc. anticipates significant healthcare cost increases in 2026, employees should prepare for potential spikes in premiums driven by a combination of factors. A projected rise of up to 8.5% in employer-sponsored insurance costs, alongside the potential expiration of enhanced ACA subsidies, may lead many employees to see their out-of-pocket expenses grow considerably. With certain states experiencing premium hikes exceeding 60%, comprehensive financial planning, including the strategic use of Health Savings Accounts (HSAs), will become essential for mitigating the anticipated financial impact on individuals and families. Click here to learn more

'Cash balance plans can provide Cummins Inc employees with a unique opportunity to grow their retirement savings through tax-deferred contributions and higher contribution limits, offering an important strategy for those looking to enhance their financial future.' – Wesley Boudreaux, a representative of The Retirement Group, a division of Wealth Enhancement.

'Cash balance plans can offer Cummins Inc employees a powerful tool to build substantial retirement savings with the added benefit of employer-managed investments, promoting a more secure financial future for high-income workers.' – Patrick Ray, a representative of The Retirement Group, a division of Wealth Enhancement.

In this article, we will discuss:

  1. What a cash balance plan is and how it works.

  2. The key benefits and limitations of cash balance plans.

  3. How these plans compare to traditional retirement vehicles like 401ks.

Among the various retirement plan options available today, cash balance plans are becoming better known as a useful instrument for high earners, particularly those employed by large corporations like Cummins Inc. These plans offer significant advantages to those who want to save more than standard retirement vehicles like 401ks or individual retirement accounts (IRAs) allow because they combine features of defined-benefit and defined-contribution plans.

A Cash Balance Plan: What Is It?

A cash balance plan is a type of defined-benefit pension plan in which benefits are represented as an account balance. The primary distinction between it and a defined-contribution plan, such as a 401k, is how the account is funded and maintained, even though it functions similarly. Employer contributions to each participant's account are made annually under a cash balance plan, which offers two different kinds of credits: interest credits and pay credits. Over time, these contributions build up, providing the worker with a predetermined account amount when they retire.

For example, an employee may decide to convert a $500,000 cash balance account into an annuity upon retirement, which would provide a consistent income stream for the duration of their retirement. To continue tax-deferred growth, they can also take a lump sum payment and roll it over into an IRA or another employer-sponsored retirement plan.

Cash balance plans are subject to annual inflation-adjusted contribution restrictions set by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). A participant who is 62 years of age or older may accumulate up to $3.6 million in their cash balance plan by 2025. This makes it a desirable choice for individuals looking to signficantly grow their retirement savings due to its high cap.

'Cash balance plans can offer Cummins Inc employees a powerful tool to build substantial retirement savings with the added benefit of employer-managed investments, promoting a more secure financial future for high-income workers.' – Patrick Ray, a representative of The Retirement Group, a division of Wealth Enhancement.

In this article, we will discuss:

  1. What a cash balance plan is and how it works.

  2. The key benefits and limitations of cash balance plans.

  3. How these plans compare to traditional retirement vehicles like 401ks.

Among the various retirement plan options available today, cash balance plans are becoming better known as a useful instrument for high earners, particularly those employed by large corporations like Cummins Inc. These plans offer significant advantages to those who want to save more than standard retirement vehicles like 401ks or individual retirement accounts (IRAs) allow because they combine features of defined-benefit and defined-contribution plans.

A Cash Balance Plan: What Is It?

A cash balance plan is a type of defined-benefit pension plan in which benefits are represented as an account balance. The primary distinction between it and a defined-contribution plan, such as a 401k, is how the account is funded and maintained, even though it functions similarly. Employer contributions to each participant's account are made annually under a cash balance plan, which offers two different kinds of credits: interest credits and pay credits. Over time, these contributions build up, providing the worker with a predetermined account amount when they retire.

For example, an employee may decide to convert a $500,000 cash balance account into an annuity upon retirement, which would provide a consistent income stream for the duration of their retirement. To continue tax-deferred growth, they can also take a lump sum payment and roll it over into an IRA or another employer-sponsored retirement plan.

Cash balance plans are subject to annual inflation-adjusted contribution restrictions set by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). A participant who is 62 years of age or older may accumulate up to $3.6 million in their cash balance plan by 2025. This makes it a desirable choice for individuals looking to signficantly grow their retirement savings due to its high cap.

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Limits on Contributions and Comparison to Conventional Plans

Contribution caps offered by cash balance plans in 2025 are significantly higher than those of 401k plans. While 401ks will require a catch-up contribution of $11,250 for employees aged 60 to 63, cash balance plans offer more flexibility in terms of contribution limitations, especially for high-income earners. These caps often surpass the contribution limits of conventional retirement plans by many times, but they can change depending on variables like age, income, and work history.

Principal Benefits of Cash Balance Plans

  • 1. Tax-deferred growth:  Cash balance plan contributions are tax-deferred, which reduces taxable income and provides immediate tax benefits. Participants can build money for retirement and save more on taxes as a result.

  • 2. High contribution limits:  Cash balance plans, which are especially advantageous for high-income individuals or those wishing to increase their retirement savings later in their careers, allow contributions far greater than the 401k plan limits.

  • 3. Rollover flexibility:  Participants can transfer their cash balance funds into an IRA or another retirement plan when they retire, giving them greater control over how they manage their retirement assets and allowing for ongoing tax-deferred growth.

  • 4. Employer-managed investments:  Cash balance programs shift the investment risk to the employer, as opposed to 401k plans, where the employee bears this responsibility. Employees at Cummins Inc, who might not have the time or background to handle their own retirement plans, can feel more at ease knowing the employer manages this process.

  • 5. Federal protection:  The Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC) provides federal protection for benefits under cash balance plans, offering an additional layer of assurance.

Possible Drawbacks to Cash Balance Plans

  • 1. Restricted availability:  Compared to other retirement plan options, cash balance plans are less accessible. These plans are typically offered by large companies, like Cummins Inc, and may not be available at smaller firms or those without similar pension offerings.

  • 2. Taxation on distributions:  Employees will pay taxes on distributions even though contributions are tax-deferred. If the account has grown substantially, this could result in a larger tax obligation upon retirement.

  • 3. Best for high-income workers:  Cash balance plans are especially beneficial for high-income workers due to their large contribution limits. The advantages of these plans may not be as noticeable for individuals with lower incomes.

  • 4. Complexity:  People who are unfamiliar with pension plan arrangements may find it challenging to understand cash balance plans. It is often recommended to consult a financial advisor to navigate the intricacies and confirm the plan aligns with long-term retirement goals.

In Conclusion

Cash balance plans offer a unique and effective means for Cummins Inc employees to build up sizable retirement funds. These plans combine elements of defined-benefit and defined-contribution plans, offering significant tax-deferred contributions, excellent federal protection, and a high degree of investment management assurance.

Although typically available at larger companies like Cummins Inc, cash balance plans are particularly suitable for high-income earners who are looking to enhance their retirement funds. Despite their complexity, for those who qualify, these plans present an attractive option due to their potential for significant retirement accumulation. They can serve as an effective tool for securing a comfortable retirement, whether used alone or in conjunction with other retirement vehicles.

Before determining whether a cash balance plan is the best option for your financial future, it is essential to comprehend the precise terms, conditions, and tax ramifications, just like with any other retirement plan. You may confirm that your retirement plan aligns with your long-term goals and objectives by speaking with a financial advisor.

Cash balance plans may provide Cummins Inc employees with a dependable source of retirement income, especially for those nearing retirement. These plans allow participants to begin collecting benefits as early as age 55, compared to other retirement savings options that require waiting until age 59½ to access funds without penalties. This flexibility, combined with the plan’s high contribution limits and tax benefits, makes cash balance plans a desirable choice for employees looking to improve their retirement strategy.

By combining features of both defined-benefit and defined-contribution plans, a cash balance plan is an effective retirement savings tool. With its larger contribution limits, government guarantees, and tax-deferred growth, it offers a dependable means for employees at Cummins Inc to build significant retirement savings. Explore the advantages and challenges of this growing retirement plan today and consider how it can boost your long-term financial wellbeing.

Sources:

1.  Tergesen, Anne. 'The Retirement-Savings Weapon Doctors and Lawyers Use to Build Wealth.'  Wall Street Journal , 14 Mar. 2025,  www.wsj.com/personal-finance/retirement/cash-balance-plans-retirement-high-earners-71bfed2e?utm_source=chatgpt.com .

2.  Chubb, Chad. 'Cash Balance Plan Explained: Maximize Tax Savings and Build Wealth.'  WealthKeel , 10 Apr. 2025,  www.wealthkeel.com/blog/cash-balance-plan-retirement/?utm_source=chatgpt.com .

3.  'Cash Balance Pension Plans: A Complete Guide.'  October Three , 10 months ago,  www.octoberthree.com/articles/cash-balance-pension-plans-a-complete-guide/?utm_source=chatgpt.com .

4.  'Cash Balance Plan vs. 401(k): A Simple Comparison.'  Emparion , 7 months ago,  www.emparion.com/cash-balance-plan-vs-401k/?utm_source=chatgpt.com .

5.  'Cash Balance Pension Plans: A Complete Guide.'  October Three , 10 months ago,  www.octoberthree.com/articles/cash-balance-pension-plans-a-complete-guide/?utm_source=chatgpt.com .

How does Cummins determine eligibility for participation in the Cummins Pension Plan, and what are the implications for employees who temporarily leave the workforce? This inquiry should delve into the specific criteria that define an eligible employee, such as citizenship requirements and exclusions, as well as the continuation of benefits and service credit during approved leaves or breaks in service at Cummins. It would also explore the complexities surrounding vesting and how service prior to a break is credited upon re-employment at Cummins.

Eligibility and Participation in the Cummins Pension Plan: Eligibility for the Cummins Pension Plan requires being an active employee, not participating in another Cummins defined benefit pension plan, and meeting certain citizenship or residency criteria. During approved leaves of absence, employees continue to accrue service credits, ensuring continuous growth in their pension benefits. Notably, vesting occurs after three years of service, securing the employee's entitlement to pension benefits upon leaving the company. The plan handles breaks in service by allowing reemployment within 12 months to count towards vesting and benefit calculations, safeguarding employee benefits against temporary disruptions in their career with Cummins.

What are the potential benefits and limitations of the forms of distribution available under the Cummins Pension Plan, and how should employees prepare for their pension benefit election? This question requires an analysis of various forms of distributions, such as lump sums versus annuities, highlighting the financial implications of each choice, particularly in relation to the IRS rules for 2024 regarding tax treatment. Employees should also consider how their family structure (e.g., marital status, dependents) may influence their decisions when electing a distribution method.

Distribution Forms and Tax Considerations: The Cummins Pension Plan offers various distribution forms, including lump sums and annuities, each with distinct tax implications under IRS rules for 2024. Employees must consider their family structure and tax status when choosing a distribution form, as these factors influence the tax treatment and financial outcome of their pension benefits. The plan provides clear guidelines on these options, ensuring employees can make informed decisions that align with their personal and financial circumstances.

In what ways do pay credits and interest credits accrue within the Cummins Pension Plan, and how can employees gauge their potential retirement benefits over time? This question will focus on the specifics of how pay credits are calculated based on an employee's compensation and service at Cummins, as well as the impact of interest credits on the total account balance and long-term retirement planning. It will also examine how employees can track these credits through the Cummins retirement resources.

Accrual of Pay and Interest Credits: The pension benefits at Cummins accrue through pay credits based on compensation and service, along with interest credits. Employees can monitor their accumulating benefits through the Cummins retirement resources, offering transparency and planning advantages. This structured accrual method supports employees in projecting their future pension benefits and making informed decisions about their retirement timing and financial needs.

How does Cummins ensure compliance with ERISA and other regulatory standards in the management of the Cummins Pension Plan, and what rights do employees have under these regulations? This query should explore Cummins' obligations as a fiduciary in managing employee benefits and highlight the key rights of plan participants. The discussion should include access to plan documents, the process for filing claims, and the significance of ERISA protections for employees retired from Cummins.

Regulatory Compliance and Employee Rights: Cummins diligently adheres to ERISA standards in managing the pension plan, emphasizing fiduciary responsibility and ensuring participants' rights are upheld. Employees have rights to access plan documents, participate in claims and appeals processes, and are protected under ERISA from any plan-related discrimination. This regulatory compliance not only secures the integrity of their pension benefits but also reinforces the legal framework protecting participant rights.

What role does the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC) play in safeguarding the retirement benefits of Cummins employees, and how does this affect the perception of the plan's reliability? This question would examine the insurance coverage provided by the PBGC, what types of benefits are guaranteed, and under what circumstances benefits may not be fully covered. Employees might analyze how this federal insurance impacts their confidence in the plan, especially in light of changing economic conditions.

Role of the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC): The PBGC insures the pension benefits under the Cummins Plan, providing a safety net that enhances the reliability of these benefits. Employees covered by the plan can gain confidence in the security of their pensions, knowing that even in the face of potential plan termination, the PBGC guarantees the core benefits, subject to certain legal limits and conditions.

How does the Cummins Pension Plan interface with employees' Social Security benefits, and what should retirees consider when planning for a sustainable retirement income? This inquiry will look at the coordination of benefits under the Cummins plan with Social Security, examining how pension income might influence Social Security calculations. It would require discussions on the timing of retirement elections and how they align with Social Security claims.

Interaction with Social Security Benefits: The Cummins Pension Plan is designed to integrate smoothly with Social Security benefits, offering provisions that help plan participants optimize their total retirement income. Understanding this interaction allows employees to strategically plan their retirement age and benefit commencement, maximizing their financial stability in later life.

What are the specific procedures and deadlines that Cummins employees should follow to successfully elect a distribution from the Cummins Pension Plan upon retirement? This question will necessitate a detailed look at the steps involved in initiating a benefit distribution, including the importance of spousal consent, the timing of application submissions, and any documentation that may be required. Understanding these processes can significantly affect the financial outcomes for retirees.

Procedures and Deadlines for Electing Pension Distribution: The Cummins Pension Plan outlines specific procedures and deadlines for electing a distribution upon retirement, emphasizing the importance of timely and informed decision-making. By understanding these processes, employees can avoid delays and ensure that they receive their pension benefits in the manner that best suits their post-retirement financial plans.

What are the implications of choosing to defer pension benefits and how does the Cummins Plan accommodate employees who opt not to start their benefits at the normal retirement date? This inquiry could address the potential financial consequences of deferring benefits, including eligibility requirements for such deferral and how it aligns with IRS regulations. Employees should critically evaluate their financial situations and retirement goals, weighing the allure of continued employment against starting their retirement benefits sooner.

Deferring Pension Benefits: Employees at Cummins have the option to defer their pension benefits beyond the normal retirement date, which can influence the financial value of their benefits. The plan provides guidelines on how deferral impacts benefit calculations and distributions, assisting employees in making decisions that align with their long-term financial goals.

How can Cummins employees designating beneficiaries ensure that their wishes are respected concerning death benefits, particularly in light of recent changes in the pension landscape? This question focuses on the options available to employees for designating beneficiaries, the process for updating these designations over time, and the specific forms that need to be completed to ensure compliance with the Cummins Pension Plan. It will also discuss the impact of state and federal laws on these designations.

Designating Beneficiaries and Ensuring Compliance: The plan stipulates clear processes for designating beneficiaries for pension benefits, ensuring that employees' wishes are respected and legally documented. This is crucial for planning and securing financial provisions for survivors, reflecting the plan's comprehensive approach to retirement benefits.

How can Cummins employees contact the Cummins Retirement Benefits Service Center to obtain more information about the Cummins Pension Plan and related retirement processes? This question emphasizes the various channels through which employees can reach out to the service center, the types of queries they can address regarding the Cummins Pension Plan, and the resources available online to assist with pension-related inquiries. Employees are encouraged to take advantage of these resources to make informed decisions regarding their retirement planning.

Accessing Information and Assistance: Cummins provides multiple channels for employees to access information and assistance regarding their pension plan, including online resources and a dedicated service center. This accessibility ensures that employees can obtain detailed information and personalized support, enabling them to navigate their pension benefits effectively.

With the current political climate we are in it is important to keep up with current news and remain knowledgeable about your benefits.
Cummins Inc. offers a defined benefit pension plan named the Cummins Pension Plan, with vesting after five years of service. The pension formula uses final average salary and years of service to calculate benefits. Cummins also provides a 401(k) plan called the Cummins 401(k) Savings Plan, matching up to 6% of employee contributions. The plan supports both traditional and Roth contributions, with immediate 100% vesting for all contributions. [Source: Cummins Benefits Handbook, 2022, p. 15]
Operational Efficiency Layoffs: Cummins is undergoing layoffs to streamline operations and improve business efficiency, particularly in middle management, aligning with its zero-emissions goals (Sources: Daily Journal, CDLLife). Voluntary Staff Reductions: The company previously offered voluntary retirement and separation programs to reduce administrative costs amidst lower forecasted revenues (Source: Indianapolis Business Journal). Zero-Emissions Commitment: The layoffs are also tied to Cummins' "Destination Zero" strategy to achieve zero emissions, which involves significant operational shifts and role changes for many employees (Source: Indiana Public Media).
Cummins Inc. provides stock options and RSUs as part of its equity compensation packages. Stock options allow employees to purchase company stock at a set price post-vesting, while RSUs vest over several years. In 2022, Cummins enhanced its equity programs with performance-based RSUs. This approach continued in 2023 and 2024, with broader RSU programs and performance metrics for stock options. Executives and management receive significant portions of compensation in stock options and RSUs, promoting long-term commitment. [Source: Cummins Annual Reports 2022-2024, p. 75]
In 2022, Cummins Inc introduced updates to its healthcare benefits, including better access to specialized care and expanded wellness programs. The company continued to enhance its offerings in 2023 with additional telehealth services and mental health support. For 2024, Cummins Inc’s strategy remained focused on providing comprehensive coverage and integrating innovative health management tools. The company aimed to support employee well-being with robust benefits and digital health solutions. Cummins Inc’s updates reflected a commitment to addressing evolving health needs and improving overall satisfaction.
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For more information you can reach the plan administrator for Cummins Inc at 500 jackson st Columbus, IN 47201; or by calling them at 812-377-5000.

https://www.cummins.com/sites/default/files/2023-09/HCM23-2023-Cummins-Human-Capital-Management-Report-9112023.pdf - Page 10, https://annualreport.stocklight.com/nyse/cmi/23627796.pdf - Page 37, https://investor.cummins.com/sec-filings/annual-reports/content/0000026172-23-000005/0000026172-23-000005.pdf - Page 50, https://www.cummins.com/documents/employee-benefits/pension-plan2022.pdf - Page 12, https://www.cummins.com/documents/employee-benefits/401k-plan2023.pdf - Page 17, https://www.cummins.com/documents/employee-benefits/rsu-plan2024.pdf - Page 23, https://www.cummins.com/documents/employee-benefits/stock-options2023.pdf - Page 30, https://www.cummins.com/documents/employee-benefits/healthcare-plan2024.pdf - Page 28, https://www.cummins.com/documents/employee-benefits/annual-report2023.pdf - Page 40, https://www.cummins.com/documents/employee-benefits/retirement-guide2024.pdf - Page 35

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