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FAQs on RMDs: What University of Chicago Employees Need to Know

'RMDs may feel restrictive, but for University of Chicago employees they also create structured opportunities to rebalance portfolios, manage taxable income, and strengthen long-term planning.' – Paul Bergeron, a representative of The Retirement Group, a division of Wealth Enhancement.

'By treating RMDs as a planning tool rather than just a tax requirement, University of Chicago employees can use them to create flexibility in withdrawals and align retirement income with broader financial goals.' – Tyson Mavar, a representative of The Retirement Group, a division of Wealth Enhancement.

In this article, we will discuss:

Which retirement accounts are subject to RMDs and recent legislative changes.
Strategies that University of Chicago employees can use to manage the tax impact of RMDs.
How market conditions and long-term planning interact with RMD requirements.

By Wealth Enhancement Group's Brent Wolf

RMDs, or required minimum distributions, are a critical consideration for retirement income planning. Because they are required, they are sometimes seen as burdensome, but they also offer opportunities for careful money management. For University of Chicago employees, understanding how RMDs work and incorporating them into a broader strategy can help improve portfolio efficiency and mitigate long-term tax impacts.

Accounts Subject to RMDs

Traditional tax-deferred retirement accounts, which are funded with pre-tax contributions and grow tax-deferred, fall under RMD rules. These include SEP IRAs, 403(b) plans, 401(k) plans, 457 plans, and traditional IRAs. Once individuals reach a certain age, withdrawals are mandatory. Roth accounts stand out as exceptions. Roth IRAs remain permanently free of RMDs, while Roth 401(k) plans are also exempt under recent legislation. For University of Chicago workers nearing retirement, this exemption may enhance the role that Roth accounts can play as long-term planning tools, since assets can continue growing without taxable withdrawals.

Changing Ages for RMDs

The age at which retirees must begin taking RMDs has shifted in recent years. For decades, it was 70½. It later increased to 72, and then to the current age of 73. Beginning in 2033, the starting age will move again to 75. For University of Chicago retirees, these adjustments provide more flexibility and open a wider window to implement strategies such as Roth conversions, systematic withdrawals, or portfolio rebalancing before RMDs take effect.

Why RMDs Are Often Disliked

RMDs are unpopular among retirees who don't require the funds for their current living expenses because they trigger taxable income. This added income can push retirees into higher tax brackets, raising their overall tax burden. For University of Chicago employees with substantial retirement savings, RMDs can also affect Medicare costs through higher income-related monthly adjustment amount (IRMAA) surcharges. In many cases, RMDs represent a significant annual tax consideration for households.

Techniques to Manage RMDs

Although RMDs for traditional accounts cannot be fully eliminated, several approaches can help reduce their taxable impact:

Pre-Retirement Diversification: Spreading savings across Roth accounts, taxable brokerage accounts, and traditional retirement plans may lower future RMD obligations.
The Early Retirement Window: For those who stop working before 73, the years between retirement and the first RMD are often lower-income years—ideal for Roth conversions or accelerated withdrawals at more favorable tax rates.
Qualified Charitable Distributions (QCDs): Starting at 70½, IRA owners can direct RMD distributions directly to qualified charities, rather than taking them themselves, reducing taxable income while meeting RMD requirements and achieving charitable goals.
Still Working Past 73: Employees still working at University of Chicago after age 73 may be able to delay RMDs on their active employer plan.
Legacy Planning: Roth conversions, even after RMDs start, can lower the taxable inheritance left to beneficiaries, aiding in estate planning.

Market Conditions and RMDs

A common question is whether market downturns affect RMD amounts. The answer is no—RMDs are based on account balances as of December 31 of the prior year. Short-term fluctuations do not alter the required withdrawal. While Congress has occasionally suspended RMDs during crises, such as in the pandemic, these suspensions remain rare.

Turning RMDs Into Opportunities

Although RMDs are mandatory, they can be reframed as tools for portfolio management. By selling from overweighted positions, retirees can meet their RMD while also rebalancing. For University of Chicago retirees with large equity allocations, this may mean using withdrawals to trim stock-heavy portfolios in favor of diversification.

Additionally, funds withdrawn through RMDs need not sit idle. If not required for daily expenses, they can be reinvested into a Roth IRA (subject to eligibility) or taxable brokerage account. This reinvestment can help maintain long-term portfolio growth.

Conclusion

While RMDs are often viewed as mandatory tax obligations, University of Chicago employees can approach them strategically. Diversifying account types before retirement, making use of early retirement years, using QCDs, and considering Roth conversions all provide ways to manage the impact. When integrated into a broader financial plan, RMDs can serve as both compliance and opportunity—helping retirees sustain portfolio health, mitigate taxes, and extend financial growth into the future.

Custodians typically calculate RMD amounts and provide reminders, but the responsibility to take the correct distribution rests with the account holder. By anticipating these requirements and using them to rebalance or reinvest, University of Chicago retirees can approach RMDs as part of a proactive retirement strategy.

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Sources:

Internal Revenue Service. Publication 590-B: Distributions from Individual Retirement Arrangements (IRAs). U.S. Department of the Treasury, Mar. 19, 2025. pp. 6–7, 37. https://www.irs.gov/publications/p590b

Myers, Elizabeth A. Required Minimum Distribution (RMD) Rules for Original Owners of Retirement Accounts. Congressional Research Service, 29 Aug. 2024. p. 1. https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/IF/IF12750

Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. Medicare Costs 2025. CMS Product No. 11579, Dec. 2024. pp. 2–3. https://www.cms.gov/newsroom/fact-sheets/2025-medicare-parts-b-premiums-and-deductibles

Social Security Administration. Form SSA-44: Medicare Income-Related Monthly Adjustment Amount — Life-Changing Event. SSA, Dec. 2024. pp. 1, 5–7. https://www.ssa.gov/forms/ssa-44.pdf

Financial Industry Regulatory Authority. Thinking About Rolling Over Funds From Your Thrift Savings Plan? Consider This. FINRA, Nov. 2024. p. 2. https://www.finra.org/investors/military/retirement/roll-over-tsp

What are the eligibility criteria for participation in the SEPP plan for employees of The University of Chicago, and how can factors like years of service and age impact an employee's benefits under this plan? Discuss how these criteria might have changed for new employees post-2016 and what implications this has for retirement planning.

Eligibility Criteria for SEPP: Employees at The University of Chicago become eligible to participate in the SEPP upon meeting age and service requirements: being at least 21 years old and completing one year of service. For employees hired after the plan freeze on October 31, 2016, these criteria have been crucial in determining eligibility for newer employees, impacting their retirement planning as they do not accrue benefits under SEPP beyond this freeze date.

In what ways does the SEPP (Staff Employees Pension Plan) benefit calculation at The University of Chicago reflect an employee's years of service and final average pay? Examine the formulas involved in the benefits determination process, including how outside factors such as Social Security compensation can affect the total pension benefits an employee receives at retirement.

Benefit Calculation Reflecting Service and Pay: The SEPP benefits are calculated based on the final average pay and years of participation, factoring in Social Security covered compensation. Changes post-2016 have frozen benefits accrual, meaning that current employees’ benefits are calculated only up to this freeze date, affecting long-term benefits despite continued employment.

How can employees at The University of Chicago expect their SEPP benefits to be paid out upon their retirement, especially in terms of the options between lump sum distributions and annuities? Analyze the advantages and disadvantages of each payment option, and how these choices can impact an employee's financial situation in retirement.

Payout Options (Lump Sum vs. Annuities): Upon retirement, employees can opt for a lump sum payment or annuities. Each option presents financial implications; lump sums provide immediate access to funds but annuities offer sustained income. This choice is significant for financial stability in retirement, particularly under the constraints post the 2016 plan changes.

Can you elaborate on the spousal rights associated with the pension benefits under the SEPP plan at The University of Chicago? Discuss how marital status influences annuity payments and the required spousal consent when considering changes to beneficiary designations.

Spousal Rights in SEPP Benefits: Spouses have rights to pension benefits, requiring spousal consent for altering beneficiary arrangements under the SEPP. Changes post-2016 do not impact these rights, but understanding these is vital for making informed decisions about pension benefits and beneficiary designations.

As an employee nearing retirement at The University of Chicago, what considerations should one keep in mind regarding taxes on pension benefits received from the SEPP? Explore the tax implications of different types of distributions and how they align with current IRS regulations for the 2024 tax year.

Tax Considerations for SEPP Benefits: SEPP distributions are taxable income. Employees must consider the tax implications of their chosen payout method—lump sum or annuities—and plan for potential tax liabilities. This understanding is crucial, especially with the plan’s benefit accrual freeze affecting the retirement timeline.

What resources are available for employees of The University of Chicago wishing to understand more about their retirement benefits under SEPP? Discuss the types of information that can be requested from the Benefits Office and highlight the contact methods for obtaining more detailed assistance.

Resources for Understanding SEPP Benefits: The University provides resources for employees to understand their SEPP benefits, including access to the Benefits Office for personalized queries. Utilizing these resources is essential for employees, especially newer ones post-2016, to fully understand their retirement benefits under the current plan structure.

How does The University of Chicago address benefits for employees upon their death, and what provisions exist for both spouses and non-spouse beneficiaries under the SEPP plan? Analyze the specific benefits and payment structures available to beneficiaries and the conditions under which these benefits are distributed.

Posthumous Benefits: The SEPP includes provisions for spouses and non-spouse beneficiaries, detailing the continuation or lump sum payments upon the death of the employee. Understanding these provisions is crucial for estate planning and ensuring financial security for beneficiaries.

What factors ensure an employee remains fully vested in their pension benefits with The University of Chicago, and how does the vesting schedule affect retirement planning strategies? Consider the implications of not fulfilling the vesting criteria and how this might influence decisions around employment tenure and retirement timing.

Vesting and Retirement Planning: Vesting in SEPP requires three years of service, with full benefits contingent on meeting this criterion. For employees navigating post-2016 changes, understanding vesting is crucial for retirement planning, particularly as no additional benefits accrue beyond the freeze date.

Discuss the impact of a Qualified Domestic Relations Order (QDRO) on the SEPP benefits for employees at The University of Chicago. How do divorce or separation proceedings influence pension benefits, and what steps should employees take to ensure compliance with a QDRO?

Impact of QDROs on SEPP Benefits: SEPP complies with Qualified Domestic Relations Orders, which can allocate pension benefits to alternate payees. Understanding how QDROs affect one’s benefits is crucial for financial planning, especially in the context of marital dissolution.

How can employees at The University of Chicago, who have questions about their benefits under the SEPP plan, effectively communicate with the Benefits Office for clarity and assistance? Specify the various communication methods available for employees and what kind of information or support they can expect to receive.

Communicating with the Benefits Office: Employees can reach out to the Benefits Office via email or phone for detailed assistance on their SEPP benefits. Effective communication with this office is vital for employees to clarify their benefits status, particularly in light of the post-2016 changes to the plan.