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Unlocking the Benefits of a Mega Roth IRA for U.S. Bancorp Employees: A Pathway to Enhanced Retirement Savings

Healthcare Provider Update: Healthcare Provider for U.S. Bancorp U.S. Bancorp, the parent company of U.S. Bank, primarily partners with UnitedHealthcare for its corporate health insurance offerings. This relationship allows U.S. Bancorp to provide a range of health benefits to its employees through UnitedHealthcare's extensive network and services. Potential Healthcare Cost Increases in 2026 In 2026, U.S. Bancorp may face substantial healthcare cost increases, influenced predominantly by rising insurance premiums driven by multiple factors. Record hikes in premiums are anticipated as federal subsidies from the Affordable Care Act expire, which could result in over 22 million enrollees experiencing steep out-of-pocket expenses. With major insurers like UnitedHealthcare requesting rate increases upward of 66% in certain markets, U.S. Bancorp's healthcare costs could rise significantly, compelling both the company and its employees to navigate a more expensive healthcare landscape. This situation highlights the urgent need for strategic planning to mitigate the financial impact on employees and the company's overall benefits strategy. Click here to learn more

The mega backdoor Roth IRA is a strategy ‘highly compensated employees’ or HCEs at U.S. Bancorp can use to increase retirement savings and shelter investment growth from taxes in retirement.

When circumstances are right and the stars align, this little-known strategy can be a smart way to tuck extra money into a Roth IRA to use for retirement or to save for your heirs.

Let’s start with the basics.

Retirement Savings 101

When you choose to make Roth contributions, you’ll contribute to your account with after-tax dollars. This means you will pay taxes on the money the year it is earned, and you won’t benefit from any tax advantages at the time you contribute.

In exchange, you won’t owe any taxes on your contributions or when you withdraw in the future. Additionally, as long as your Roth contributions have “aged” for at least five years, any earnings your contributions accrue won’t be taxed either. (That said, if U.S. Bancorp made any contributions, you’ll still need to pay taxes on those when you withdraw, since you won’t have paid taxes on those contributions yet. Contributions made by U.S. Bancorp are always traditional, pre-tax contributions.)

The 2022 limits have changed since last year. A person younger than 50 can contribute $20,500 into their 401(k). People who are aged 50 and older can contribute an additional $6,500 annually in catch-up contributions, for a total of $27,000 into their 401(k). Limits for total employee and employer contributions have also increased over the past year and are $61,000 (or $67,600 for people 50 and older).

Some company 401(k) plans are structured to allow for additional after-tax contributions, which can create a “mega backdoor” through which you can invest up to an extra $40,500 into your Roth IRA or Roth 401(k).

We’ll walk you through how it works and if it’s a good move for you, but know now that this is complicated and advanced financial planning with the potential for some unexpected tax bills—definitely work with an expert on this one.

Is a Mega Backdoor Roth Possible ?

There are two prerequisites — if you’re unsure about either, double-check with HR or contact your U.S. Bancorp-plan administrator.

Your 401(k) plan must allow for after-tax contributions. Not all 401(k) plans let you make after-tax contributions. Quick vocab lesson: after-tax is an entirely different contribution category from pre-tax and post-tax. (We’ve mentioned before how after-tax and post-tax used to be conflated.)
Your 401(k) plan must also allow for in-service withdrawals or in-plan Roth conversions. In-service withdrawals (also called in-service distributions) enable you to take money out of your 401(k) while you’re still employed with U.S. Bancorp and roll it into a Roth IRA. In-plan conversions let you move your after-tax contribution into Roth dollars within the 401(k).

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Mega Backdoor Roth IRA Pros

Due to the dollar amounts, this strategy can really move the needle in your overall retirement savings and tax-free Roth asset bucket. Even if U.S. Bancorp only permits this for a few years, it can still be worthwhile, assuming it makes sense in the context of the rest of your financial situation
If you can keep the entire mega backdoor Roth strategy in-plan, it can be fairly easy to execute for the individual.

Mega Backdoor Roth IRA Cons

Most individuals don’t have the flexibility to maximize the benefits of this strategy, especially on an after-tax basis.
Even when individuals have the means to use this strategy, it might not work at the plan level. Essentially, your U.S. Bancorp-sponsored 401(k) plan must pass various testing requirements. This includes participation from ‘highly compensated employees’ or HCEs relative to ‘non-highly compensated employees’ or NHCEs. If only the HCEs are making after-tax contributions (as stands to reason), the plan may be forced to return a portion of the contributions to HCE participants if it fails the test.

How a Mega Backdoor Roth Works

The real limit on a contribution plan such as a 401(k) is actually pretty high: this year, it’s $61,000 (or $67,500 for people 50 and older). That max amount includes the $20,500 (or $27,000) employee elective deferral amount we’re most familiar with, as well as any matching contributions from U.S. Bancorp, profit-sharing, and your after-tax contributions.

When you use the mega backdoor strategy, you take all the money from the after-tax contribution to your 401(k) and quickly transfer it into either a Roth IRA or to Roth dollars within your 401(k) before it can accrue investment earnings. There are also some instances where a company’s highest earners wouldn’t be able to max out their after-tax contributions due to IRS nondiscrimination tests . If available once it’s in a Roth-style account, the money will grow tax- free instead of tax- deferred , which means you won’t end up owing taxes on those earnings, and neither will your beneficiaries. Pretty nifty.

Speed is key, which is why in-service withdrawals or in-plan conversions is one of the requirements. You don’t want to have to wait until you leave U.S. Bancorp to move that chunk of money.

NOTE: If you leave it as an after-tax contribution in your 401(k), it’s going to be accruing taxable earnings the whole time.

Doing the process manually is complicated, and we are here to assist.

Say you miss an in-service withdrawal or in-plan conversion and you’ve accrued some earnings. Not the end of the world. The IRS confirms you can shift the contribution portion into a Roth IRA and the gains portion into a traditional IRA, which takes some work, but you’ll preserve your contribution’s beneficial tax status.

Calculate Your After-Tax Contribution Amount

You’ll notice that we keep saying “up to $40,500” in additional contributions—that’s because everyone’s after-tax amount could be different. If you’re trying to make up the difference between the $20,500/$27,000 standard employee contribution amount and the $61,000/$67,500 max limit, you have to account for any matching by U.S. Bancorp and profit-sharing along the way.

Let’s walk through a couple of simple scenarios.

Henry, 57

Max limit, based on age: $67,500

Salary: $100,000

Profit-sharing: 25 percent of salary

At 56, Henry has higher limits. If he maxes out his $27,000 employee contribution and gets $25,000 from his employer, Henry has room for $15,500 in after-tax contributions.

Nancy, 44

Max limit, based on age: $61,000

Salary: $100,000

Employee matching: Up to 3 percent of salary

If Nancy maxes out the $20,500 employee contribution, and her company matches $3,000, that means Nancy has room for $37,500 in after-tax contributions.

Jason (60 years old)

Max limit, based on age: $67,500

Contributes the maximum annual amount to both his 401(k) ($27,000 in 2022) and his IRA ($7,000 in 2022). He is looking to save even more by using a mega backdoor Roth IRA contribution, but he wants to know the maximum amount of after-tax contributions he can put into his 401(k) plan. If his total annual employer matching contributions are $10,000 in 2022, Jason can make after-tax contributions of up to $30,500 this year. Assuming his 401(k) plan has the appropriate provisions, John would transfer his after-tax contributions to his Roth 401(k) or Roth IRA, allowing him to place an additional $30,500 in a Roth account receiving tax-free growth.

One caveat: Some 401(k) plans do limit the amount you can contribute after-tax, so even if you have room to contribute more, you might not be able to. There are also some instances where a company’s highest earners wouldn’t be able to max out their after-tax contributions due to IRS nondiscrimination tests , which are designed to ensure those earning the most aren’t saving at a higher rate than everyone else in their organization.

And it bears repeating after-tax contributions aren’t deductible, and if left in the 401(k) plan instead of being shifted into a Roth-style account, the earnings could be taxed when withdrawn.

When you should consider a mega backdoor Roth

Mega backdoor Roths are an interesting option for high earners at U.S. Bancorp looking for additional ways to save for retirement or for their heirs. It’s worth exploring with your financial planner if:

You’ve maxed out your personal 401(k) contributions. That comes first. When you’ve maxed out your contributions and still have more to save, you can consider going for a mega backdoor strategy.
You have additional funds you want to save for retirement. Mega backdoor Roths are a great way to store away cash every year. Still, there are many other financial strategies to consider, and things like time horizon and liquidity are important considerations.

How does the U.S. Bank Legacy Pension Plan calculate the Final Average Total Pay and Final Average Base Pay for employees, and what implications might these calculations have for retirement planning? What factors should employees at U.S. Bank consider when planning for their eventual retirement based on their pay history?

The U.S. Bank Legacy Pension Plan calculates Final Average Total Pay by taking the average of an employee's Total Pension Pay for the five consecutive calendar years during the last ten years of employment that provide the highest average. Similarly, Final Average Base Pay is calculated by averaging the Base Pension Pay for the same five-year period. Total Pension Pay includes base pay plus commissions, bonuses, and overtime, while Base Pension Pay only includes base salary and a few other components such as shift differentials and premium pay. These calculations significantly affect retirement planning, as higher pay during the last years of employment can lead to a more substantial pension benefit(US Bancorp_January 2023…).

What steps does U.S. Bank require for employees who wish to commence their pension benefits, and how does the timing of this commencement affect the benefits they will ultimately receive? Employees at U.S. Bank should understand the critical timelines associated with the retirement process, including the importance of initiating their requests within specific timeframes.

Employees who wish to commence their pension benefits must initiate the process at least 30 to 90 days before their intended benefit commencement date. The timing affects the benefits, as early retirement (before age 65) results in reduced monthly benefits due to the extended period over which benefits are paid. Conversely, delaying the commencement of benefits until the full retirement age (65) or later ensures the maximum monthly pension benefit(US Bancorp_January 2023…).

What are the different forms of payment options available under the U.S. Bank Legacy Pension Plan, and how might these options change based on the employeeâ€™s age and years of service? U.S. Bank employees need clarity on how to choose the best payment option to meet their individual needs in retirement.

The Plan offers several payment options, including a single life annuity, joint and survivor annuities (50%, 75%, or 100%), and estate protection annuities. These options can vary based on the employee's age and years of service. For example, younger employees may have a reduced monthly benefit if they choose early retirement, while older employees nearing or beyond age 65 will receive full benefits without reduction. The employee's choice of annuity type also affects the monthly payout and survivor benefits(US Bancorp_January 2023…).

How does U.S. Bank ensure the security of employees' pension plan information and personal benefits data, and what measures should employees take to protect their information? Employees should be informed about the companyâ€™s security protocols and best practices for safeguarding sensitive information related to their pension.

U.S. Bank implements several security measures, including encouraging employees to use strong, unique passwords for accessing benefit information and enabling multifactor authentication. Employees should also regularly monitor their account for unauthorized transactions, update contact information to receive notices, and use secure networks when accessing their pension plan data(US Bancorp_January 2023…).

In the event that an employee at U.S. Bank undergoes reemployment after retirement, how does this impact their pension benefits and what should they be aware of regarding benefit accrual? Employees need guidance on how transitioning back to work could affect their pension plans and retirement strategies.

If a retired U.S. Bank employee is rehired, their pension payments continue as usual. However, they will not accrue any additional benefits under the Legacy Pension Plan but may be eligible for participation in the Legacy 2010 Cash Balance Portion of the Plan. It is essential for rehired employees to understand the implications on their pension accrual and benefits(US Bancorp_January 2023…).

What are the eligibility requirements for participation in the U.S. Bank Legacy Pension Plan, and how do changes in employment status affect an employee's pension benefits? U.S. Bank staff should have a comprehensive understanding of eligibility criteria and how various employment changes can impact their pension rights.

Eligibility is limited to employees who had earned a benefit before January 1, 2020, or those rehired in an eligible position. Employment status changes, such as termination or reemployment, can affect whether an employee remains in the Plan. For example, employees rehired after January 1, 2020, may not accrue additional benefits under the Legacy Pension Plan(US Bancorp_January 2023…).

What specific rights do U.S. Bank employees have under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) in relation to their pension plan benefits, and how can they enforce these rights? U.S. Bank employees must be made aware of their legal rights to access plan information and contest any disputes regarding their benefits.

Employees have rights under ERISA to access plan information, file claims, and appeal denied claims. U.S. Bank employees can enforce these rights by submitting claims or appealing denials through the Plan's claims and appeals procedures. Additionally, employees may bring legal action if they exhaust the Plan's internal processes(US Bancorp_January 2023…).

How does U.S. Bancorp ensure that its pension plan complies with current IRS limits, and what should employees know about potential tax implications on their pension benefits? Clear communication from U.S. Bank regarding tax consequences and IRS guidelines for retirement benefits is crucial for employees to manage their finances effectively post-retirement.

The Plan adheres to IRS regulations, including limits on annual earnings ($330,000 in 2023) that can be considered for pension benefit calculations. Employees should understand the potential tax implications on their pension distributions and are encouraged to consult tax advisors to ensure proper tax handling(US Bancorp_January 2023…).

What processes are in place for U.S. Bank employees to file claims or appeals if they believe they are entitled to additional benefits under the pension plan? Employees at U.S. Bank should be informed about the claims process and know their options for seeking justice if their claims are disputed.

Employees can file claims or appeals by contacting U.S. Bank Employee Services or accessing the Plan’s claims procedures. Deadlines apply, and employees must submit claims within the specified time limits to avoid losing their rights to additional benefits(US Bancorp_January 2023…).

How can U.S. Bank employees contact the company for further assistance regarding the U.S. Bank Legacy Pension Plan, and what resources are available to them through the Employee Services division? Itâ€™s essential that U.S. Bank staff knows how to reach out for support regarding their retirement benefits and understands the services provided to help them navigate their pension plans.

Employees can contact U.S. Bank Employee Services by calling 800-806-7009 and selecting "Savings and retirement." Additionally, the Your Total Rewards website provides 24/7 access to pension information and support. Employees are encouraged to use these resources for assistance with their pension plan(US Bancorp_January 2023…).