New Update: Healthcare Costs Increasing by Over 60% in Some States. Will you be impacted?

Navigating the Generation-Skipping Transfer Tax for Duke Energy Families

Healthcare Provider Update: Healthcare Provider for Duke Energy Duke Energy utilizes a range of health benefits and insurance plans provided through major healthcare organizations, with Aetna being one of the primary providers offering their employee health insurance coverage. Potential Healthcare Cost Increases for Duke Energy in 2026 As 2026 approaches, Duke Energy employees may face significant healthcare cost increases due to a combination of factors impacting the broader health insurance market. Record premium hikes for Affordable Care Act (ACA) marketplace plans, with some states eyeing increases exceeding 60%, could manifest in employer-sponsored plans as well. The potential expiration of enhanced federal premium subsidies, alongside rising medical costs and aggressive rate hikes from insurers, may significantly elevate out-of-pocket expenses for beneficiaries. This perfect storm of factors indicates that employees might need to prepare for substantial healthcare financial burdens in the upcoming year, as many individuals could see their premiums rise by more than 75%. Click here to learn more

'Thoughtful multigenerational planning can help Duke Energy employees navigate GSTT considerations more effectively, making it an essential part of preparing families for long-term financial transitions.' -- Paul Bergeron, a representative of The Retirement Group, a division of Wealth Enhancement.

'Carefully structuring multigenerational wealth transfers can help Duke Energy employees stay aligned with GSTT rules and should be considered when discussing long-term family planning priorities.' -- Tyson Mavar, a representative of The Retirement Group, a division of Wealth Enhancement.

In this article, we will discuss:

Key concepts behind the generation-skipping transfer tax (GSTT).
Common exemptions and exclusions that may lessen transfer tax exposure.
Planning methods that can help families pass wealth across generations.

Important Takeaways on How to Transfer Wealth Across Generations

The generation-skipping transfer tax (GSTT) is relevant for any Duke Energy employees transferring wealth to grandchildren or other individuals that skip over your children's generation.

Both GSTT and gift or estate taxes may apply when transferring assets to heirs more than one generation below the transferor.

Exemptions may lower transfer tax liability if planning is structured thoughtfully.

Federal gift and estate taxes—applicable to transfers during life or at death—are familiar to many Duke Energy employees. However, when assets move to people more than one generation below the transferor, such as a gift from a grandparent to a grandchild, the federal generation-skipping transfer tax (GSTT) may also apply.

Generation-Skipping Transfer Tax: What Is It?

Transfers to “skip persons,” those more than one generation below the transferor or more than 37½ years younger, are subject to the GSTT. This federal tax applies in addition to any federal gift or estate tax due and equals the highest federal gift and estate tax rate in effect—a flat rate of 40%—which is relevant for Duke Energy employees engaging in multigenerational planning.

The GSTT was introduced in 1976 to address concerns that affluent families could shift assets in ways that bypassed estate taxes at each generational level. ¹

Lifetime Exemptions and Gift Tax Exclusions

Transfers made during life or at death to anyone other than a spouse or qualified charity may be subject to federal gift or estate tax. Key exclusions include several that may benefit Duke Energy employees:

Annual gift tax exemption: In 2026, individuals may give up to $19,000 per recipient without incurring federal estate or gift tax. Couples may combine exclusions for a total of $38,000 per beneficiary. ² For example, a married couple with two children could give $76,000 total ($38,000 to each child) annually without gift tax.

Qualified transfers: Payments made directly to educational institutions for tuition or to medical providers for medical expenses are not considered taxable gifts. There is no dollar limit on these transfers. ¹

Lifetime unified exclusion: Individuals may transfer up to $13.99 million (or $27.98 million per married couple) during life or at death without federal gift or estate tax. ² Lifetime gifts reduce the remaining exclusion available at death.

Transfers exceeding these exclusions are taxed at the top federal estate and gift tax rate of 40%.

Exclusions & Exemptions from GSTT

The GSTT has rules similar to traditional gift tax laws, which can influence planning for Duke Energy families:

- Grandparents may give up to $19,000 directly to a grandchild in 2026 without triggering gift tax or GSTT.
- Each individual has a $13.99 million lifetime GSTT exemption ($27.98 million per couple), though this exemption is not independent from estate or gift tax rules.
Transfers above exemption thresholds are subject to a 40% GSTT.
GSTT applies only at the federal level, although some states may impose their own estate or inheritance taxes.

When Does the GSTT Start to Apply?

The GSTT applies to three types of taxable events, all of which may arise in multigenerational planning for Duke Energy families:

Direct skips: Transfers made directly to a skip person or to a trust for their exclusive benefit. The transferor or their estate pays the tax.

Taxable distributions: Distributions from a trust to a skip person. The beneficiary pays the tax.

Taxable terminations: Occur when a trust interest ends and only skip persons remain as beneficiaries. The trustee pays the tax.

GSTT Exemption Allocations

Transfers—outright or to a trust—may qualify for GSTT exemption as long as the exemption is properly allocated. Once allocated, all future growth on those trust assets is generally free from GSTT, a strategy Duke Energy families may want to use.

For example, if a person contributed $10 million to an irrevocable trust for grandchildren in 2024 and allocated the GSTT exemption, and the trust later grew to $20 million, future distributions would not incur GSTT. ¹

Methods for Lowering GSTT

1. 529 Plan Contributions

Contributions to 529 college savings plans are treated as completed gifts, even though account owners can change the beneficiary. Grandparents may “superfund” a 529 plan with five years of annual exclusions at once—up to $95,000 per beneficiary in 2025 or $190,000 per beneficiary for a married couple filing jointly ³ —which may interest Duke Energy retirees.

2. Dynasty Trusts

Dynasty trusts are irrevocable trusts designed to last across multiple generations. Some states allow long-term or perpetual trusts, while others limit trust duration under the “rule against perpetuities.” These trusts can combine GSTT planning with long-term asset preservation features and, when fully exempt from GSTT, future distributions or terminations can occur without additional GSTT ⁴ —an appealing option for extended family planning.

Concluding Remarks

Although GSTT planning can be complex, exemptions and structured transfers may help Duke Energy employees reduce or eliminate federal taxes on wealth passed to grandchildren or other skip persons.

The Retirement Group can assist you with wealth transfer planning and retirement income strategies. Call our team at (800) 900-5867 for guidance.

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Articles you may find interesting:

Sources:

1. Fidelity Investments. “Understanding the Generation-Skipping Transfer Tax.” Fidelity , 3 Oct. 2025, www.fidelity.com/viewpoints/wealth-management/insights/generation-skipping-transfer-tax .

2. Internal Revenue Service. “ IRS releases tax inflation adjustments for tax year 2027 .” IRS.gov , 9 Oct. 2025.

3. Bendig, Erin. “How This 529 ‘Superfund’ Strategy Can Transform Your Estate Plan.” Kiplinger , 12 Sept. 2025, www.kiplinger.com/personal-finance/this-super-529-strategy-can-help-you-jumpstart-college-savings .

4. Investopedia. ' What Is a Dynasty Trust? ' by Will Kenton. 31 March 2025.

How does the Duke Employees' Retirement Plan calculate benefits at normal retirement age, specifically for employees who reach the age of 65? In what circumstances might an employee consider retiring before reaching this age, and how would the benefits differ if they choose this option?

Benefit Calculation at Normal Retirement Age: Duke Employees' Retirement Plan calculates benefits for employees who retire at age 65 by applying a formula that includes 1.25% of their average final compensation for the first 20 years of credited service and 1.66% for any additional years. If an employee retires before 65, they can do so after age 45 with 15 years of service, but their benefits will be reduced based on how early they retire, resulting in lower payments due to a longer payout period.

What considerations should an employee keep in mind regarding their unused sick leave or carry-over bank hours when calculating benefits under the Duke Employeesâ€™ Retirement Plan? How does Duke utilize these factors to enhance an employee's credited service for the purpose of benefit calculation?

Impact of Unused Sick Leave and Carry-Over Bank Hours: Unused sick leave and carry-over bank hours are converted into additional credited service, which can enhance the calculation of retirement benefits. Employees who have accumulated these hours can see their credited service extended, leading to higher pension benefits at retirement.

In what situations would an employee's benefits under the Duke Employees' Retirement Plan be automatically paid in a lump sum? How does the Plan determine the value of benefits that fall below the threshold for monthly payouts, and what implications does this have for retirement planning?

Lump-Sum Payments for Small Benefits: If the value of an employee's benefit is $5,000 or less, Duke Employees' Retirement Plan automatically pays it as a lump sum. For benefits between $5,000 and $10,000, employees can choose between a lump-sum payment or a monthly pension. This can significantly impact retirement planning, especially for employees weighing whether to take a smaller upfront amount or spread it over time.

How does the Duke Employees' Retirement Plan handle benefit adjustments for employees who continue to work beyond their normal retirement age? What factors influence how these adjustments are calculated, and what implications might this have for future financial planning for employees nearing retirement?

Benefit Adjustments for Postponed Retirement: Employees who continue working beyond their normal retirement date will see their benefits increased annually (by no less than 10%) to account for the shorter period during which they will receive payments. The plan recalculates benefits based on the employee’s continued service and compensation after age 65.

What options are available to employees of Duke University regarding payment forms when they retire, and what are the long-term implications of choosing each option? How do these choices affect both the retiree's monthly income and survivor benefits for a spouse or other beneficiary?

Payment Form Options and Implications: At retirement, employees can choose various payment options such as a single life annuity, joint and survivor annuities, or a lump-sum payment. These choices affect the amount received monthly and any survivor benefits for a spouse or beneficiary. Employees should carefully consider their long-term financial needs and the needs of their beneficiaries when selecting a payment option.

What specific protections does the Duke Employees' Retirement Plan provide for spouses in the event of an employee's death, and how does this influence the choice of payment options? What steps must an employee take to ensure that their spouse's rights are upheld under the Plan?

Spousal Protections: The Plan provides protections for spouses in the event of an employee's death. A surviving spouse can receive 50% of the employee's reduced monthly benefit through a joint and survivor annuity. Employees must take steps to ensure spousal rights are protected by selecting the appropriate payment option and ensuring the necessary documentation is completed.

How can employees of Duke University ensure that they are informed about their rights under ERISA while participating in the Employees' Retirement Plan? What resources and tools does Duke provide to help employees understand and assert these rights?

Employee Rights Under ERISA: Duke provides resources for employees to understand their rights under ERISA, including access to plan documents and assistance in filing claims. Employees are encouraged to use Duke's available tools to assert their rights and ensure they are fully informed about the benefits available to them under the Plan.

In what ways can employees at Duke University navigate the complexities of reemployment after retirement, and how does their choice of retiree status affect their benefits? What regulations govern how benefits are recalculated if they choose to return to work at Duke?

Reemployment After Retirement: Employees who return to work at Duke after retiring can continue to receive their pension if they work fewer than 1,000 hours per year. However, if they exceed 1,000 hours, their payments will be paused and recalculated based on additional service and earnings when they retire again. This provides flexibility for employees considering reemployment after retirement.

What impact do legislative changes, such as those introduced by the IRS, have on the Duke Employees' Retirement Planâ€™s structure and benefits? How should employees approach understanding these changes in the context of their personal retirement strategies?

Impact of Legislative Changes: Changes introduced by the IRS or other regulatory bodies can impact the structure of the Duke Employees' Retirement Plan and its benefits. Employees should stay informed about these changes and how they affect personal retirement strategies, particularly regarding tax laws and pension calculations.

How can employees at Duke University contact the Retirement Board for questions or clarifications regarding their retirement benefits? What is the best approach for reaching out to ensure that they receive timely and accurate information?

Contacting the Retirement Board: Employees can contact Duke's Retirement Board for any questions or clarifications regarding their retirement benefits. The Retirement Board is responsible for managing the Plan, and employees are encouraged to reach out directly for timely and accurate information to address any concerns about their retirement.

With the current political climate we are in it is important to keep up with current news and remain knowledgeable about your benefits.

Duke Energy offers a comprehensive employee pension plan known as the Duke Energy Retirement Cash Balance Plan (RCBP), which has undergone restructuring over the years. This plan is available to employees based on years of service and age qualification, with specific details outlined in the company's plan documents. Duke Energy also provides a 401(k) plan named the Duke Energy Retirement Savings Plan (RSP), offering both traditional and Roth options. Employees typically become eligible for these plans after meeting certain service requirements, with detailed formulas for calculating benefits. The Summary Plan Description (SPD) and other relevant documents provide precise details, including the specific pages where this information can be found. It’s important to refer to these documents to understand eligibility criteria, plan formulas, and other terms specific to Duke Energy’s retirement benefits.

Layoffs and Reorganization: Duke Energy has implemented layoffs as part of a broader effort to cut costs and refocus on clean energy initiatives. In 2023, the company laid off a few hundred employees, mainly in Charlotte, as part of a $300 million cost-saving strategy. These layoffs were primarily in corporate and operational support roles. Duke Energy is also reorganizing to enhance efficiency as it continues to transition towards cleaner energy sources, including the expansion and modernization of its clean energy grid. This restructuring is crucial to maintaining competitiveness in the evolving energy market. Importance: Addressing these layoffs and reorganization is vital given the current economic and investment climate, as well as the political push for cleaner energy solutions. Understanding the impact of these changes helps stakeholders navigate the uncertainties in the energy sector.

I gathered detailed information about Duke Energy's employee stock options and Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) for the years 2022, 2023, and 2024. Duke Energy offers both stock options and RSUs to its employees, primarily as part of its compensation and incentive programs. The company uses specific acronyms such as DUK for its stock symbol and references these programs in its financial reports and proxy statements. In 2022, Duke Energy expanded its RSU offerings, which were primarily targeted at senior management and key employees as a form of long-term incentive. The stock options and RSUs are granted based on performance criteria, and employees who meet these criteria, particularly those in leadership roles, are eligible. By 2023, Duke Energy continued to utilize RSUs as a significant part of its compensation strategy, with a focus on aligning employee incentives with shareholder interests. This program was further reinforced in 2024 as part of the company's efforts to retain top talent during a period of operational restructuring.

For Duke Energy, the health benefits offered to employees in the years 2022, 2023, and 2024 are comprehensive and focus on a range of healthcare needs. Duke Energy provides medical, dental, vision, life, and disability coverage as part of its total rewards package. Additionally, wellness programs, retirement benefits, and work-life balance programs are emphasized to ensure the well-being of employees. Some specific healthcare-related terms and acronyms used by Duke Energy include the UHC (UnitedHealthcare) Transparency in Coverage initiative, which is part of their efforts to comply with legal requirements and ensure employees have access to clear information about their healthcare costs. Duke Energy also offers Parental Leave Pay for both mothers and fathers, providing up to six weeks of paid leave for new parents. In terms of recent employee healthcare news, Duke Energy has been actively involved in initiatives that align with their sustainability goals, which indirectly impact employee health benefits. For example, their clean energy transition is likely to bring about changes in the healthcare policies related to environmental health and safety as the company focuses on reducing its carbon footprint and promoting sustainable practices across its operations.

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For more information you can reach the plan administrator for Duke Energy at 550 S Tryon St Charlotte, NC 28202; or by calling them at (800) 777-9898.

https://hr.duke.edu/benefits/retirement/457b/ https://investors.duke-energy.com/news/news-details/2022/Duke-Energy-expands-clean-energy-action-plan-02-09-2022/default.aspx https://www.stordahlcap.com/insights/understanding-net-unrealized-appreciation-nua-and-its-tax-benefits https://corient.com/insights/articles/net-unrealized-appreciation-strategy-after-tax-contributions https://www.thelayoff.com/duke-energy?page=2 https://www.myplaniq.com/LTISystem/f401k_plan.action?ID=4666 https://www.sec.gov/ https://simpleqdro.com/