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Navigating Retirement Income: Variable Withdrawal Strategies for Union Pacific Employees

How much can you spend in your retirement from Union Pacific without the risk of running out of money?

That is an important factor to consider for your Union Pacific retirement income plan. By striking a balance between current spending and future asset value, you will be able to sustain that spending later.

You are presented with the choice of taking income now and running out of money when withdrawing too much, or withdrawing too little and leaving more than you anticipated to heirs.

Retirement variable withdrawals or 'guardrails' can help you achieve this balance in a systematic way that removes the guesswork.

How to Determine Withdrawal Amounts

One way to calculate the income or withdrawals you can take from an investment portfolio is by withdrawing a fixed percentage of the portfolio and adjusting the withdrawal for inflation each year using the 4% rule. If you elect to do so, this method will provide you with a consistent income throughout your Union Pacific retirement, securing the amount of the withdrawals and your ability to maintain that income for your lifetime are both pretty safe with this method.

When considering the validity of the 4% rule, it's worthy to acknowledge how analyses of the 4% rule has stood up to the stock market crash of 1929, the Great Depression, World War II and the stagflation of the 1970s. Although the future remains unknown, history indicates that the 4% rule is a reliable approach to determining how much one can spend in retirement.

Despite that, there are some risks that need to be addressed

When taking consistent withdrawals from your portfolio you become exposed to the sequence of return risk. The sequence of return risk is the downside risk experienced when normal downside volatility hits your account early into your retirement from Union Pacific, this can impact your account value down the line.

Despite running that risk when choosing this strategy, there are ways that you can protect yourself. In this article we will discuss a strategy of taking variable withdrawals from your portfolio, providing some protection from sequence risk, and protecting your portfolio from higher inflation.

Why Variable Withdrawals?

Factors affecting your portfolio such as Inflation, interest rates, investment returns, and taxes will change throughout your retirement. Adjusting withdrawals to account for these changes will balance your spending to keep it in accordance with what your portfolio can support.

Adjusting withdrawals based on account value provides opportunity for better investment performance. Taking more when markets are up is beneficial, while withdrawing more during a market downturn is inadvisable because you would be selling at a time of low market value.

How do I adjust my withdrawals?

This section will entail how to adjust withdrawals based on changes in your retirement account. The adjustments demonstrated are formally known as the Guardrail or Guyton-Klinger methodology.

There are four(4) guiding rules to this strategy:

Withdrawal Rule
Portfolio Management Rule
The Capital Preservation Rule
The Prosperity Rule

The last two rules work as one. Taken together, these two rules establish “guardrails” around your withdrawal that keep it from drifting too high or too low.

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The Withdrawal Rule

This rule is similar to the 4% rule – with a basic modification. Pick a set percentage of your portfolio to withdraw in the first year. For each year after, adjust your withdrawal by the prior year’s inflations.

The difference behind this methodology is to not make the inflation adjustment if portfolio returns are negative, and the new withdrawal would give you a withdrawal rate that is higher than the initial withdrawal rate.

An Example:

Assume you start with a $600,000 dollar portfolio and take a 4% withdrawal in the first year. That’s $16,000.

Then, let’s assume that inflation for the year is 4.3%. You would adjust your withdrawal for the next year upward by 4.3%. You would take a $16,640 withdrawal for the next year.

The rule would be triggered if your investment returns are negative, say -1%, AND the $16,640 is more than 4% of the portfolio.

For this example, a 1% loss plus a $16,000 withdrawal gives you a portfolio value of $380,000 for the second year.

$17,100 is 4.5% of $380,000. Since 4.5% is higher than 4%, you would forego the inflation increase and just withdraw the $16,000.

Portfolio Management Rule

The portfolio management rule addresses the way your portfolio is rebalanced as the investment values of the different asset classes fluctuate.

Retirement Income Guardrails

The capital preservation rule and the prosperity rule can be taken together. Think of these two rules as establishing guardrails around your retirement income withdrawal rate.

When choosing to use the guardrails, you are in effect placing a buffer around your savings. The amount of income taken from the portfolio is adjusted based on account value. If the account grows, income increases. If the account value drops, income is reduced.

How it works

To understand how the rule works think first in terms of your initial withdrawal rate from your portfolio. Let’s say that you begin your first year of retirement by withdrawing 4% of your portfolio. Considering a $400,000 portfolio, that would be $16,000. Next, you follow the standard rule of increasing your withdrawals each year for inflation.

The guardrails work like this:

When your current withdrawal rate exceeds your original withdrawal rate by more than 20%, you reduce the withdrawal by 10%.
When your current withdrawal rate lags your original withdrawal rate by more than 20%, you increase your withdrawal by 10%.

The Prosperity Rule

Let's assume that for several years markets have been really good and your investments have performed well. Your account value has grown to $800,000 even though you have taken withdrawals for several years. Your withdrawal amount is now $20,800 due to inflation adjustments.

Ok. Here come the numbers…

$20,800 is only 2.6% of $800,000. The rule says to increase your withdrawal when your current withdrawal rate is 20% less than your original withdrawal rate. 20% of 4% is 0,8%. 4%-0,8%= 3.2%. Since 2.6% is less than 3.2%, you would increase your withdrawal by 10%.

10% of $20,800 is $2,080. You would take a withdrawal of $22,880.

In this case, the unexpectedly high investment gain means you can afford to take a larger amount of income from your portfolio.

The Capital Preservation Rule

This is the mirror image of the prosperity rule. If your account value drops too low, you reduce your withdrawals to reduce the risk of running out of money too soon.

Looking at the same scenario from above, you have a $20,800 annual withdrawal. Instead of having really good investment performance, however, you experience an extended bear market and now only have $350,000 in your portfolio.

$21,700 is 6.2% of $350,000.

The capital preservation rule says that since your current withdrawal rate, 6.2% is more than 20% higher than your original 4% withdrawal rate, you need to reduce your spending by 10%.

10% of $20,800 is $2,080. Since your account value has dropped so much compared to your withdrawal amount, you would reduce your withdrawal that amount. Your new withdrawal is $18,720.

Conclusion

Using a 'Guardrail' or variable withdrawal strategy keeps your retirement spending more in line with the value of your investments. It provides a means to spend more when sustained by your portfolio, and keeps you from draining your portfolio too quickly when returns are poor.

What are the specific eligibility requirements for employees of Union Pacific Corporation to participate in the pension plan, and how might these requirements evolve as IRS regulations change? Understanding how Union Pacific Corporation aligns its eligibility criteria with broader IRS regulations can help employees assess their own eligibility for the pension plan, particularly in light of any new IRS guidelines issued for 2024.

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Payment Options Available at Retirement: Union Pacific offers various payment options for pension benefits upon retirement. Employees can choose a lifetime annuity or opt for joint and survivor annuities, providing continued benefits to a designated beneficiary. Other options include certain annuities that guarantee payments for a set period, regardless of the employee's lifespan. These choices allow employees to tailor retirement benefits to their financial needs and family circumstances.

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Integration of Social Security and Railroad Retirement Benefits: The pension benefits are coordinated with Social Security or Railroad Retirement benefits through an offset formula in the pension plan. This integration reduces the pension benefit by a portion of the government retirement benefits projected at the time of retirement, reflecting that some of the funding for these benefits comes from Union Pacific. Employees need to understand how this interaction affects their total retirement income to plan effectively.

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Responsibilities for Reporting Earnings: Employees are responsible for ensuring that Union Pacific has accurate records of their earnings to calculate pension benefits accurately. Failure to report or correct discrepancies in earnings records can lead to miscalculations in pension benefits, affecting retirement income. It's vital for employees to regularly review their earnings records and report any inaccuracies.

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Compliance with ERISA Regulations: Union Pacific ensures compliance with the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) regulations, which protect employees' rights to their pension benefits. Employees have specific rights under these regulations, including the right to receive information about their pension plan, appeal denials of benefits, and sue for benefits or breaches of fiduciary duty. Awareness of these rights is important for employees to safeguard their benefits.

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Impact of Company Mergers or Acquisitions: In the event of a merger or acquisition, employees' pension benefits could be affected. Union Pacific's pension plan provisions include terms for handling benefits under such circumstances. Employees should be proactive in understanding how these corporate changes might impact their pension benefits and seek clarity on their rights and options.

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Contacting the Benefits Group: Employees with questions or who need assistance regarding their pension plan can contact Union Pacific's Benefits Group. Having the contact information handy ensures that employees can promptly address concerns or seek guidance about their retirement benefits, aiding in effective retirement planning.