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Losing a loved one can be a difficult experience. Yet, during this time, you must complete a variety of tasks and make important financial decisions. You may need to make final arrangements, notify various businesses and government agencies, settle the individual's estate, and provide for your own financial security. The following checklist may help guide our Harvard clients through the matters that must be attended to upon the death of a family member.
Note: Some of the following tasks may have to be completed by the estate's executor.
Initial Tasks
- Upon the death of your loved one, call close family members, friends, and clergy first because you'll need their emotional support.
- Arrange the funeral, burial or cremation, and memorial service. Hopefully, your loved one will have made arrangements ahead of time. Look among his or her papers for a letter of instruction containing final wishes. Such instructions may also be stated in his or her will or other estate planning documents. Arrange any cultural rituals, and make any anatomical gifts.
- Notify family and friends of the final arrangements.
- Alert your loved one's place of work, union, professional organizations, and any organizations where he or she may have volunteered.
- Contact Harvard and arrange for bereavement leave.
- Place an obituary in the local paper.
- Obtain certified copies of the death certificate. The family doctor or medical examiner should provide you with the death certificate within 24 hours of the death. The funeral home should complete the form and file it with the state. Get several certified copies (photocopies may not be accepted); you will need them when applying for benefits and settling the estate.
- Review your family member's financial affairs, and look for estate planning documents, such as a will and trusts, and other relevant documents, such as deeds and titles. We also suggest that these Harvard clients locate any marriage certificate, birth or adoption certificates of children, and military discharge papers, which you may need to apply for benefits. These documents may be found in a safe-deposit box, or your loved one's attorney may have copies.
- Make a list of assets. Put safeguards in place to protect any property. Make sure mortgage and insurance payments continue to be made while the estate is being settled.
- Arrange to retrieve your loved one's belongings from his or her workplace. Collect any salary, vacation, or sick pay owed to your loved one, and be sure to ask about continuing health insurance coverage and potential survivor's benefits for a spouse or children. Unions and professional organizations may also offer death benefits. If the death was work-related, the estate or beneficiaries may be entitled to worker's compensation benefits.
- Contact past employers regarding pension plans, and contact any IRA custodians or trustees. Review designated beneficiaries and post-death distribution options.
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Within 3 to 9 Months after Death
- File the will with the appropriate probate court. If real estate was owned out of state, file ancillary probate in that state also. If there is no will, contact the probate court for instructions, or contact a probate attorney for assistance.
- Notify creditors by mail and by placing a notice in the newspaper. Claims must be made within the statute of limitations, which varies from state to state (30 days from the actual notice is common). Insist upon proof of all claims.
- A federal estate tax return may need to be filed within 9 months of death. State laws vary, but state estate tax and/or inheritance tax returns may also need to be filed. Federal and state income taxes are due for the year of death on the normal filing date unless an extension is requested. If there are trusts, separate income tax returns may need to be filed. These Harvard clients may want to seek the advice of a tax professional.
Within 9 to 12 Months after Death
- Update your own estate plan if your loved one was a beneficiary or appointed as an agent, trustee, or guardian.
- Update beneficiary designations on your retirement plans, including IRAs, and transfer-on-death accounts on which your loved one was named beneficiary.
- Reevaluate your budget and short-term and long-term finances.
- Reevaluate your insurance needs, and update beneficiary designations on insurance policies on which your loved one was the named beneficiary.
- Reevaluate investment options.
What are the key distribution options available to employees at Harvard University upon retirement, and how do these options differ regarding tax implications? Employees should understand both the annuity options and lump-sum distributions available under the Harvard University Retirement Plan, as these can significantly affect their financial outcomes in retirement. Harvard University provides various choices depending on the lump-sum value, and it's essential to analyze each choice carefully to maximize retirement benefits.
Key Distribution Options: Upon retirement, Harvard University employees can choose between a lump-sum distribution, a rollover to another retirement account, or an annuity with different options, including a single-life annuity or joint and survivor annuity(Harvard University Reti…). Lump-sum payments may lead to immediate tax liabilities, while annuity options offer more tax-deferred growth(Harvard University Reti…).
How does the choice of an annuity payment method impact the long-term financial security of retirees at Harvard University? Employees need to weigh the advantages and disadvantages of single life versus joint and survivor annuities, considering not only their own financial needs but also those of potential beneficiaries. The decision can affect monthly income levels and the benefits passed on to surviving partners or dependents.
Impact of Annuity Payment Method: Choosing a single-life annuity maximizes monthly payments but provides no benefits after the retiree’s death. A joint and survivor annuity reduces monthly payments but ensures ongoing income for a surviving spouse or beneficiary, offering more long-term financial security for both parties(Harvard University Reti…).
What specific conditions must be met for a retired employee of Harvard University to elect the Consolidated Harvard Annuity Option (CHAO), and what benefits might this offer? Understanding the eligibility criteria for CHAO and its implications on retirement planning will help employees make informed decisions. The CHAO allows for a potential increase in annuity benefits, but there are specific deadlines and requirements that participants must adhere to.
Consolidated Harvard Annuity Option (CHAO): To elect the CHAO, employees must terminate their employment after April 30, 2006, and have a Basic Retirement Account balance exceeding $1,000. They must elect the CHAO within 60 days of termination to exchange their investment account for a higher annuity(Harvard University Reti…)(Harvard University Reti…).
How can employees at Harvard University ensure that they have properly designated beneficiaries within their retirement plans, and what are the ramifications of failing to do so? The importance of keeping beneficiary designations up to date cannot be overstated, as it impacts how benefits are distributed upon the participant’s death. Employees must familiarize themselves with the required forms and the potential consequences of having outdated or incorrect designations.
Beneficiary Designations: Employees should ensure their beneficiary designations are up to date by completing the appropriate forms. Failure to do so could result in benefits being distributed according to marital status or to unintended recipients(Harvard University Reti…).
In what ways do the spousal consent rules affect the retirement options for married employees of Harvard University, and why is this a critical aspect to consider when planning for retirement? Understanding the spousal consent requirements is vital for retirees since failing to adhere to these regulations can lead to unintended consequences, including issues related to benefit disbursement. Employees should seek to navigate these requirements carefully to secure their desired benefit structure.
Spousal Consent Rules: Married employees must obtain spousal consent, witnessed by a notary or plan representative, if they choose a retirement distribution option that does not provide survivor benefits to their spouse(Harvard University Reti…). Failure to adhere to these rules can result in complications with benefit disbursement(Harvard University Reti…).
How does the $1,000 threshold affect retirement distribution choices for employees retiring from Harvard University, and what specific options are available once this threshold is considered? Employees need to be informed about the options that arise based on the value of their Basic Retirement Account when making distribution decisions. Knowing whether an annuity or lump-sum option is available can significantly influence retirement planning and benefits.
$1,000 Threshold: If an employee's Basic Retirement Account value is $1,000 or less, they must take a lump-sum payment or rollover, as annuity options are unavailable. The lump-sum is subject to tax withholding unless rolled over(Harvard University Reti…).
What steps should employees at Harvard University take if they wish to defer their retirement distributions, and what factors should they consider before making this decision? Deferring distributions can offer various tax advantages and impact retirement income strategies. Employees should evaluate their financial situations, anticipate future needs, and understand the timelines involved in the deferment process to make sound choices.
Deferring Distributions: Employees can defer their distributions until the April 1st following the year they turn 70½. Deferring can offer tax advantages and allow time for the value of retirement funds to grow(Harvard University Reti…).
What are the consequences of electing a lump-sum distribution from a retirement account at Harvard University, particularly in terms of immediate and long-term tax implications? Employees considering a lump-sum distribution must recognize that such options can lead to significant tax liabilities and potential penalties, especially if improperly managed. A thorough understanding of these financial repercussions can aid in making choices that align with retirement goals.
Lump-Sum Distribution Consequences: Opting for a lump-sum distribution can result in substantial tax liabilities, including early withdrawal penalties if under age 59½. However, rolling the distribution into another retirement account can mitigate tax impacts(Harvard University Reti…).
How can employees contact the Harvard University Retirement Center to learn more about their retirement plan options, and what information should they prepare before reaching out? Understanding how to access information and ask the right questions is crucial for employees looking to navigate their retirement options effectively. Having personal details and specific inquiries ready when contacting the Harvard University Retirement Center will facilitate a more productive dialogue.
Contacting the Retirement Center: Employees can reach the Harvard University Retirement Center at 800-527-1398 for information. They should have their pension statement, retirement account details, and any specific questions prepared(Harvard University Reti…).
What should employees at Harvard University consider when choosing whether to roll over their retirement benefits into another employer's retirement plan or an IRA? The decision to roll over retirement benefits comes with various implications, including investment choices, fees, and the overall management of retirement funds. An in-depth understanding of the pros and cons of rollover options will empower employees to make informed decisions that best suit their financial futures.
Rollover Options: Rolling over retirement benefits into another employer’s plan or an IRA allows employees to maintain tax-deferred growth. It is crucial to compare fees, investment options, and withdrawal rules before making a decision(Harvard University Reti…).