New Update: Healthcare Costs Increasing by Over 60% in Some States. Will you be impacted?

Investing Insights for Corning Employees: The Pros and Cons of Dollar-Cost Averaging vs. Lump-Sum Contributions

Healthcare Provider Update: Corning Inc. typically partners with CVS Health for its healthcare needs, focusing on a combination of healthcare management strategies and employee wellness initiatives designed to improve overall health outcomes for their workforce. As we look towards 2026, significant healthcare cost increases are anticipated, primarily driven by the potential expiration of enhanced federal premium subsidies under the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Reports indicate that insurance premiums for ACA marketplace plans could surge by over 60% in some states, leading nearly 22 million enrollees to face increases exceeding 75% in out-of-pocket costs. With these compounding factors, including rising medical expenses and the profitability pressures on major insurers, companies like Corning must prepare for a challenging landscape where access to affordable healthcare could be severely impacted. Click here to learn more

The Value Series

What is Book Value?

Testing

Weighting

The Brandes Research Institute

About The Retirement Group

Sources

The Value Series

Given the current elevated market volatility, we think now is a good time to revisit important value metrics in our four-part series. As an employee or retiree of Corning, who likely has little market analysis experience, we understand that the valuation process can seem confusing. However, we are here to tell you that the valuation process does not have to be complex to be successful. Simple valuation techniques such as the price-to-book ratio are generally easy to use and have been proven to be effective if utilized correctly. Investors are often looking for ways for their clients to beat the market. If you're one of those investors, you may want to consider the following strategy that has been implemented by the investment greats. Some value investors have historically beat the average annualized returns of the S&P 500, and many have successful track records spanning several decades to prove it. Corning employees, it is important to be knowledgeable regarding tactics used by famous investors such as Warren Buffett, Benjamin Graham, David Dodd, Charlie Munger, Christopher Browne and Seth Klarman. The investment style implemented by these professionals focus on four metrics that characterize a value investment. These four metrics include the Price to Earnings Ratio, the Price to Cash Flow Ratio, High Dividend Yield and the Price to Book Ratio. These metrics, as you will see, are strong indicators of undervalued security. If undervalued security is brought back to fair value then we would see positive returns on that security. For Corning employees, it is possible to utilize these metrics to better position yourself in the market for heightened returns. We will examine the effect of investing based off of certain characteristics and how their investment returns are correlated. Today, I want to end the four-part TRG Value Series with the granddaddy of metrics, the Price-to-Book value ratio (P/B).

What is Book Value?

Book value is preferred by many value investors to cash flow and earnings metrics because it is more stable year-to-year whereas cash flow and earnings can vary greatly. This is an important property for those at Corning to look out for due to the following reason: When a business at a cyclical trough with diminished cash flow and earnings might look expensive on the basis of price-to-cash flow or price-to-earnings, that same business may appear cheap on the basis of price-to-book value. This is because book value won’t fall much or at all in a downturn, and vice versa. Thus, the argument goes, the price-to-book value gives a more reliable picture of a company’s usual business performance, which Corning employees can use to elevate their investment decisions and investment performance. Benjamin Graham popularized the indicator in his books “Security Analysis” and “The Intelligent Investor”. Nobel Prize winner Eugene Fama and his research partner Kenneth French used the ratio in their three- and five-factor models to describe stock returns. Professor Joseph Piotroski uses the ratio as the only valuation measure in his F-Score methodology.

Testing

We understand the importance of data driven research for Corning employees and retirees. Set out below are the results of two Fama and French backtests of the book value-to-market equity (the inverse of the PB ratio) data from 1926 to 2013. As of December 2013, there were 3,175 firms in the sample (Carlisle-PB, P2). The value decile contained the 459 stocks with the highest earnings yield, and the glamour decile contained the 404 stocks with the lowest earnings yield.

The average size of the glamour stocks is $7.48 billion and the value stocks are $2.54 billion. (Note that the average is heavily skewed by the biggest companies. For context, the 3,175th company has a market capitalization today of $404 million, which is smaller than the average, but still investable for most investors). Portfolios are formed on June 30 and rebalanced annually. When accounting for this backtest, Corning employees may recognize how two portfolios are weighted by market capitalization, which means that bigger firms contribute more to the performance of the portfolio, and smaller firms contribute less. Here, we can see that the value decile has comprehensively outperformed the glamour decile, returning 12.6 percent compounded (17.7 percent in the average year) over the full period versus 8.6 percent for the glamour decile (10.9 percent in the average year) (Carlisle-PB, P3).

These returns are considerably lower than the returns found for the price-to-earnings and cash-flow ratios discussed earlier. Despite the irregularity, Corning employees must be aware that the earnings and cash flow back tests ran back to only 1951, and the book value return data begins in 1926. The difference is due to the 1929 crash, which had an oversized impact on returns. The impact of the crash is visible on the chart; it took twenty years for the value decile to fully recover. Corning employees must also note how something similar has happened to the glamour decile since 2000; it hasn’t grown in 13 years. To make a comparison possible of the book value’s performance to the performance of earnings and cash flow over the same period, I also measured the returns beginning in 1951. Since 1951, the low P/B value decile has generated a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 15.0 percent and an average annual return (AAR) of 17.9 percent. Over the same period, the glamour decile returned a CAGR of 9.6 percent and an AAR of 12.6 percent (Carlisle-PB, P5). These returns are approximately the same as the returns generated by the low P/CF and P/E studies over the same period.

In their study, they found that the quintile of the lowest P/E stocks significantly outperformed the high P/E quintile. The portfolio containing the lowest P/E stock returned 11.61% annualized compared to 4.83% for the highest P/E portfolio and 7.55% for the used universe of stocks. The graph below shows how the cumulative returns compare (it’s not even close). Corning employees can utilize this information to avoid investing in underperforming assets and better predict economic trends that translate into higher ROI.

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Weighting

It is important for employees and retirees of Corning to understand how market capitalization-weighted returns are useful for demonstrating that the outperformance of value over glamour is not due to the value portfolios containing smaller stocks. Unless you’re running an index (or hugging an index), they’re not really meaningful. The easiest portfolio weighting scheme is to simply equally weight each position. (If we’re prepared to put up with a little extra volatility for a little extra return, we can also Kelly weight our best ideas). Kelly Weighting is determined by the Kelly Criterion which is a formula used to determine what percentage of their capital should be used in each trade to maximize long-term growth. There are two key components to the formula (Kelly % = W- [(1 - W) / R]): the winning probability factor (W) and the win/loss ratio (R). The winning probability is the probability a trade will have a positive return. The win/loss ratio is equal to the total positive trade amounts divided by the total negative trading amounts. The result of the formula will tell investors what percentage of their total capital they should apply to each investment. By utilizing the Kelly Weighting, investors employed or retiring from Corning can have a better grasp of their exposure to each individual asset in their portfolio and make informed decisions regarding their asset allocation.

Corning employees should also account for the equal weight return statistics for book value. In the equal weight backtest, the value generated a 20.2 percent compounded return (27.3 percent on average), beating out glamour’s 6.3 percent compounded return (10.4 percent on average) (Carlisle-PB, P10). Since 1951 the equally weighted P/B value decile has generated a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 20.0 percent and an average annual return (AAR) of 25.4 percent (Carlisle-PB, P11).

Over the same period, the glamour decile returned a CAGR of 6.4 percent and an AAR of 10.8 percent. These returns are close to the same as the returns generated by the low P/CF and P/E studies over the same period. When accounting for this information, Corning employees must recognize that the value portfolios outperformed because they bought more book value per dollar invested than the glamour portfolios: 4.57x on average versus 0.25x in the glamour portfolios (Carlisle-PB, P12). In the equal-weight portfolios, value has significantly outperformed glamour since 1999, beating it by an extraordinary 15.9 percent compounded, and 16.1 percent in the average year (Carlisle-PB, P13).

The Brandes Research Institute

Because we understand just how important data-driven solutions are for our Corning employees and retirees, we have provided another study, which discusses the P/CF ratio. In a Brandes Research Institute study, Exhibit 6 below illustrates the global all-cap findings across three price metrics.

The results confirmed a consistent value premium across all metrics. We will focus on the P/CF ratio and the outperformance in the decile 10 value stocks. The smallest outperformance between decile 1 glamour stocks and decile 10 value stocks can be observed with the P/B measurement, where the average outperformance was 7.1% (Brandes, p. 8).

About The Retirement Group

The Retirement Group is a nation-wide group of financial advisors who work together as a team.

We focus entirely on retirement planning and the design of retirement portfolios for transitioning corporate employees. Each representative of the group has been hand selected by The Retirement Group in select cities of the United States. Each advisor was selected based on their pension expertise, experience in financial planning, and portfolio construction knowledge.

TRG takes a teamwork approach in providing the best possible solutions for our clients’ concerns. The Team has a conservative investment philosophy and diversifies client portfolios with laddered bonds, CDs, mutual funds, ETFs, Annuities, Stocks and other investments to help achieve their goals. The team addresses Retirement, Pension, Tax, Asset Allocation, Estate, and Elder Care issues. This document utilizes various research tools and techniques. A variety of assumptions and judgmental elements are inevitably inherent in any attempt to estimate future results and, consequently, such results should be viewed as tentative estimations. Changes in the law, investment climate, interest rates, and personal circumstances will have profound effects on both the accuracy of our estimations and the suitability of our recommendations. The need for ongoing sensitivity to change and for constant re-examination and alteration of the plan is thus apparent.

Therefore, we encourage you to have your plan updated a few months before your potential retirement date as well as an annual review. It should be emphasized that neither The Retirement Group, LLC nor any of its employees can engage in the practice of law or accounting and that nothing in this document should be taken as an effort to do so. We look forward to working with tax and/or legal professionals you may select to discuss the relevant ramifications of our recommendations.

Throughout your retirement years we will continue to update you on issues affecting your retirement through our complimentary and proprietary newsletters, workshops and regular updates. You may always reach us at (800) 900-5867.

Sources

What to do with an Early Retirement Ebook
Social Security Ebook
Lump Sum vs. Annuity Ebook
401(k) Rollover Strategies Ebook
Closing the Retirement Gap Ebook
Brandes Institute, The. “Value vs. Glamour: A Long-Term Worldwide Perspective”. 2014. < https://www.brandes.com/docs/default-source/brandes-institute/value-vs-glamour-worldwide-perspective>.
Carlisle, Tobias. “Investing Using the Price-to-Earnings Ratio and Earnings Yield (Backtests 1951 to 2013)”. May 26, 2014. <http://greenbackd.com/2014/05/26/price-to-earnings-ratio-backtest-1951-to-2013/>.
Causeway Capital. “The Compelling Case for Value Stocks”. 2018 https://www.causewaycap.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/201802-TheCompellingCaseforValue-1.pdf
Research Affiliates. “To Win with ‘Smart Beta’, Ask if the Price is Right” September 7, 2016 < https://seekingalpha.com/article/4004564-win-smart-beta-ask-price-right>
Tweedy Browne Company LLC. “What Has Worked in Investing: Studies of Investment Approaches and Characteristics Associated with Exceptional Returns.” 1992. <http://www.tweedy.com/resources/library_docs/papers/WhatHasWorkedFundVersionWeb.pdf>.
Yuan, Vera. Guru Focus. “Earnings, Free Cash Flow, Book Value? Which Parameters Are Stock Prices Most Correlated To?”. August 2, 2013. < http://www.gurufocus.com/news/225255/earnings-free-cash-flow-book-value-which-parameters-are-stock-prices-most-correlated-to->.
Fama and French Backtesting http://mba.tuck.dartmouth.edu/pages/faculty/ken.french/data_library.html

How does Corning Incorporated's growth in its Optical Communications segment reflect the broader trends in telecommunications and data center industries, and what specific strategies are being employed by Corning to capture market share in this competitive landscape?

Optical Communications Growth and Strategies: Corning Incorporated's growth in its Optical Communications segment reflects broader trends in the telecommunications and data center industries driven by increased demand for high-speed connectivity and cloud services. The company's strategy involves leveraging its expertise in specialty glass and optical physics to innovate and enhance network solutions for both carrier and enterprise networks. Corning is focusing on expanding its product offerings and capacity to address the needs of 5G technology and fiber optic expansion, aiming to capture a significant share in these rapidly growing markets.

In light of the rapid advancements in technology, how is Corning Incorporated prioritizing research and development across its five Market-Access Platforms, and what impact could these investments have on future product innovations?

Research and Development Prioritization: Corning Incorporated prioritizes research and development (R&D) across its five Market-Access Platforms to sustain its competitive advantage and foster future product innovations. By investing heavily in R&D, Corning aims to advance its materials science expertise to develop products that meet the evolving needs of global industries. This investment is strategic, focusing on enhancing product performance and developing new applications, which are crucial for maintaining technological leadership and driving long-term growth.

Corning Incorporated has set ambitious sustainability targets for itself, including reducing greenhouse gas emissions. What are the implications of these goals for the companyâ€™s operational strategies and overall corporate governance, particularly in regard to stakeholder engagement?

Sustainability Targets and Implications: Corning Incorporated's sustainability targets, particularly in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, reflect its commitment to environmental stewardship and sustainable operational practices. These goals are integral to the company's operational strategies and corporate governance, emphasizing resource efficiency and minimizing environmental impact. The focus on sustainability also plays a significant role in stakeholder engagement, as it aligns with the increasing global emphasis on corporate responsibility and can enhance Corning's reputation and stakeholder trust.

In 2021, Corning Incorporated reported significant financial growth across all segments. How does this performance illustrate the effectiveness of the companyâ€™s â€œMore Corningâ€ strategy, and what challenges does Corning foresee as it strives to maintain this momentum in an evolving market?

More Corning Strategy Performance: The "More Corning" strategy, which focuses on enhancing integration and collaboration across Corning's diverse segments to drive innovation and market expansion, has demonstrated significant financial growth in 2021. This strategy's effectiveness is evident in the increase in core sales and earnings, showing that Corning's integrated approach helps leverage its technological capabilities to tap into new opportunities and drive revenue growth. However, maintaining this momentum poses challenges such as adapting to market volatility and technological disruptions.

Corning Incorporated places a strong emphasis on Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI). How does the company plan to operationalize its DEI initiatives within its workforce, and what metrics will it utilize to assess the success of these programs?

DEI Initiatives: Corning Incorporated is actively embedding Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) into its operational practices. The company plans to operationalize its DEI initiatives by setting clear goals, monitoring progress through measurable metrics, and integrating DEI into all levels of the organization. Corning aims to create a more inclusive workplace that reflects global diversity and enriches its corporate culture, which is critical for fostering innovation and maintaining a competitive edge.

How does Corning Incorporated manage executive compensation and how does its approach align with the companyâ€™s performance-oriented culture, particularly in light of shareholder expectations and competitive practices in the industry?

Executive Compensation Management: Corning manages executive compensation by aligning it with company performance and shareholder expectations. The compensation strategy includes a mix of short-term and long-term incentives that are tied to achieving specific corporate goals and benchmarks. This approach ensures that executive rewards are directly linked to Corning's operational success and shareholder value, fostering a performance-oriented culture that aligns with industry practices.

What measures does Corning Incorporated have in place to ensure the integrity of its supply chain amidst rising global challenges, and how does the company plan to adapt its operations accordingly?

Supply Chain Integrity Measures: In response to global challenges, Corning Incorporated has implemented robust measures to ensure the integrity of its supply chain. These measures include diversifying its supplier base, enhancing quality control, and increasing transparency in its supply chain operations. Corning plans to adapt its operations to mitigate risks associated with supply chain disruptions, ensuring reliability and compliance with global standards.

Corning Incorporated has participated in shareholder engagement practices. What role does this engagement play in shaping corporate governance policies and how might it influence decisions made by the Board of Directors?

Shareholder Engagement Impact: Corning Incorporated's active shareholder engagement practices are central to shaping its corporate governance policies. This engagement allows Corning to align its strategies with shareholder expectations and enhance transparency. The feedback from these engagements informs the Board of Directors' decisions, ensuring that Corning remains responsive to investor concerns and governance trends.

How can employees of Corning Incorporated reach out to the Human Resources department for more personalized assistance regarding retirement planning and associated benefits, and what resources are available to support their transition?

HR Contact for Retirement Planning: Employees of Corning Incorporated seeking personalized assistance with retirement planning can reach out to the Human Resources department. Corning provides various resources, including workshops, one-on-one counseling, and online tools, to support employees in making informed decisions about their retirement options and benefits.

As Corning Incorporated continues to evolve, what are the major risks identified in its enterprise risk management program, and how does the company plan to mitigate these risks to safeguard its assets and business operations?

Risk Management Strategies: Corning Incorporated's enterprise risk management program identifies major risks that could impact its business operations and strategies. The company employs comprehensive measures to mitigate these risks, including technological innovation, market diversification, and financial management. By continuously assessing and adapting to potential risks, Corning aims to safeguard its assets and ensure long-term business sustainability.

With the current political climate we are in it is important to keep up with current news and remain knowledgeable about your benefits.

Corning Incorporated offers comprehensive employee benefits through its pension and 401(k) plans. The Corning Incorporated Supplemental Pension Plan is available for eligible employees, and its benefits are calculated based on years of service and employee compensation. The pension formula operates under a career average formula or a cash balance formula depending on employee classification, with early retirement options available starting at age 55 with more than five years of service. Benefits are typically paid as life annuities or joint and survivor annuities for married participants, though lump sum options are available for balances below certain thresholds (Corning) (Justia). Corning also provides a 401(k) plan, known as the Corning Incorporated Investment Plan. Employees can contribute pre-tax and Roth contributions, and Corning offers employer matching. In 2022, the average participant retirement account value for the Corning 401(k) plan was $197,160, with average employee contributions of $9,943 annually. The IRS contribution limits for 2023 are set at $22,500 for employee contributions and $66,000 combined employee and employer contributions

Restructuring Layoffs: In 2023, Corning announced plans to reduce its workforce as part of a broader restructuring effort aimed at streamlining operations and improving efficiency. This decision was influenced by shifting market demands and an ongoing need to align production with changing customer requirements. Importance: It is crucial to stay informed about such developments due to the current economic environment, which is characterized by volatility and uncertainty. Understanding these changes helps employees and investors anticipate potential impacts on job security and company performance.

Corning Inc. Stock Options and RSUs Stock Options and RSUs Overview Corning Inc. provides stock options and RSUs to its employees as part of its compensation packages. Stock options typically allow employees to purchase shares at a predetermined price, while RSUs represent a promise to deliver shares at a later date, subject to vesting conditions. Specific Company Stock Options and RSUs (2022-2024) Corning Inc. offered various stock options and RSUs to its employees in 2022. For example, the company granted stock options as part of its annual incentive program and issued RSUs to senior executives as part of their long-term incentive compensation. In 2023, Corning Inc. continued to provide stock options and RSUs, with adjustments based on the company's performance and market conditions. The stock options were designed to align employee interests with shareholder value, while RSUs aimed to retain key talent. For 2024, Corning Inc. maintained its practice of awarding stock options and RSUs. The company tailored these awards to match individual performance and contributions, ensuring that both stock options and RSUs were strategically aligned with the company's growth objectives.

Search Approach: Corning Official Website: Review their HR or benefits page for official information. Company Filings and Reports: Check annual reports and SEC filings for detailed benefits descriptions. Industry News Websites: Look at recent articles on healthcare benefits for Corning employees. Employee Review Sites: Consult platforms like Glassdoor or Indeed for employee feedback on health benefits. HR and Benefits Analysis Sites: Check third-party sites that analyze and compare corporate health benefits. Corning Health Benefits Summary (2022-2024) 1. Corning Official Website: Benefits Overview: Corning provides comprehensive health benefits that include medical, dental, and vision coverage. Their plans typically offer a range of options including Health Savings Accounts (HSAs) and Flexible Spending Accounts (FSAs). Corning emphasizes a commitment to employee well-being with resources for mental health, preventive care, and wellness programs. Acronyms & Terms: HSA (Health Savings Account) FSA (Flexible Spending Account) EAP (Employee Assistance Program) HDHP (High Deductible Health Plan) 2. Annual Reports and SEC Filings: Healthcare Coverage: Recent reports confirm that Corning's health benefits packages include standard offerings like health insurance plans with options for high deductibles and HSAs. The company also offers wellness incentives and preventive care programs. Recent Changes: There have been updates to increase coverage options and to include more comprehensive mental health support. 3. Industry News Websites: Recent News: There has been a focus on Corning's efforts to enhance mental health benefits and increase access to telehealth services. Recent updates also include expanded family leave and wellness programs in response to employee feedback. Terms Used: Telehealth (Remote healthcare services) Wellness Incentives (Programs to promote health and prevent illness) 4. Employee Review Sites: Employee Feedback: Reviews indicate that employees appreciate the broad coverage options and the flexibility of benefits. There is positive feedback about the mental health resources and wellness programs. However, some reviews mention that the complexity of benefits enrollment can be a challenge. Common Terms: Mental Health Resources (Counseling and support services) Preventive Care (Services aimed at preventing illness) 5. HR and Benefits Analysis Sites: Benefit Comparisons: Corning's benefits are competitive within the industry. They are noted for offering strong health coverage with a focus on preventive care and employee wellness. The company has been making efforts to integrate more modern benefits such as telehealth. Recent Updates: Enhanced telehealth options and expanded mental health coverage have been highlighted as recent improvements.