“Many CHS employees are surprised to learn that long-term success can create significant tax friction in retirement. Proactive modeling and coordinated planning can help CHS employees manage embedded gains thoughtfully and avoid letting a single tax year dictate their financial flexibility.” – Wesley Boudreaux, a representative of The Retirement Group, a division of Wealth Enhancement.
“For CHS employees nearing retirement, the real challenge often isn’t market performance but how and when taxes are triggered. Thoughtful coordination and forward-looking tax modeling can help CHS employees access their savings with greater flexibility and fewer surprises.” – Patrick Ray, a representative of The Retirement Group, a division of Wealth Enhancement.
In this article, we will discuss:
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How long-term investment growth can create unexpected tax challenges for CHS retirees.
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How a tax-aware long-short strategy can generate losses to help offset capital gains.
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When this strategy may be appropriate—and the risks and tradeoffs to consider.
Mary and Joe* did everything thoughtfully.
They refrained from making rash decisions during market turbulence, invested patiently, and saved consistently throughout their careers. Like many CHS employees who have spent decades building wealth through disciplined investing and retirement plan contributions, their portfolio grew significantly by the time they retired in their late 60s.
There was only one issue. They had substantial unrealized capital gains on nearly everything they owned.
As we began outlining their retirement income plan—including withdrawals for living expenses and a long-planned home renovation—the numbers became sobering. Selling approximately $300,000 in appreciated investments could have triggered capital gains taxes close to $50,000, depending on federal and state tax brackets.
For reference, long-term capital gains are taxed at 0%, 15%, or 20% federally depending on taxable income, with an additional 3.8% Net Investment Income Tax (NIIT) potentially applying to higher-income households.
Mary summed it up perfectly: “On paper, we feel rich, but it costs money to touch the money.”
Many CHS employees transitioning into retirement are surprised by how common this situation can be.
When a Successful Investment Becomes a Tax Challenge
Long-term investors frequently accumulate concentrated positions with significant embedded gains. For CHS employees, this may include long-held company stock, taxable brokerage assets, or other investments that have appreciated steadily over time.
The longer assets are held—and the stronger they perform—the higher the eventual tax liability when they’re sold.
That creates a difficult trade-off in retirement:
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- Sell investments and trigger a substantial tax bill.
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- Or hold them longer than desired and delay using your own money.
Traditional tax-loss harvesting can be helpful earlier in an investment’s life. But after years of strong markets, many portfolios simply don’t have meaningful losses left to harvest.
That’s exactly where Mary and Joe found themselves.
Introducing a Tax-Aware Long-Short Layer
Instead of immediately selling appreciated assets, we implemented a tax-aware long-short strategy (TALS) inside their taxable account.
To be clear, this is not market timing or speculation. It is disciplined tax management.
Here’s how it worked: Their core long-term holdings remained intact. Then, using a modest amount of borrowing within the account, we added a long-short overlay that included:
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- Buying stocks expected to perform well
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- Shorting closely related stocks expected to underperform
Because these positions were highly correlated—often within the same industry—they tended to move together.
When markets rose:
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- Long positions gained
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- Short positions declined in value
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- Those short-side losses created tax-deductible losses
When markets fell:
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- Long positions declined
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- Short positions gained
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- Losses were again generated from one side of the structure
Despite market movement, Mary and Joe’s overall portfolio still grew modestly during the year. More importantly, it generated over $60,000 in usable tax losses, which they used to offset their capital gains.
IRS rules allow capital losses to offset capital gains dollar-for-dollar, with up to $3,000 of excess losses deductible against ordinary income annually. 1 Those losses allowed them to carefully sell appreciated holdings to fund retirement goals while significantly reducing their capital gains exposure.
Joe put it this way: “It didn’t feel like a loophole. It felt like we were finally using the tax code intentionally.”
For CHS employees with sizable taxable accounts or concentrated holdings, thoughtful tax coordination can make a measurable difference.
The Advantages and Tradeoffs
It’s important to understand that this strategy does not eliminate taxes. It primarily changes the timing of when they are paid.
Over time, the long-short layer itself may build unrealized gains. If fully liquidated later, those gains may be taxable.
The value comes from:
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- Managing marginal tax brackets
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- Reducing the likelihood of a single-year tax spike
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- Preserving flexibility
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- Improving after-tax compounding
Mary and Joe weren’t trying to permanently sidestep taxes. They simply wanted to access their savings without losing $50,000 in one year.
Who This Strategy May Be Appropriate For
A tax-aware long-short strategy is generally suited for higher net worth investors facing substantial embedded gains and one or more of the following:
- Concentrated stock positions
- Large taxable brokerage balances
- Required asset sales to fund retirement
- Real estate or business sales
- Significant cryptocurrency gains
- Large one-time expenses
For certain CHS employees nearing retirement, taxes—not market volatility—can become the primary planning obstacle. When that happens, more advanced planning approaches may be worth evaluating.
Risks to Consider Carefully
This is not a do-it-yourself solution.
The strategy involves leverage, financing costs, and precise execution. Improper implementation can create unintended consequences. Ongoing oversight is necessary.
For many retirees, simpler approaches—such as spreading sales across tax years, coordinating withdrawals during lower-income years, or incorporating charitable planning—may be more appropriate.
In Mary and Joe’s case, the additional complexity was justified by the numbers. But every situation must be evaluated independently.
Why This Matters for Retirement Planning
Taxes are often one of the largest retirement expenses, yet they’re frequently overlooked.
Mary and Joe didn’t pursue this strategy because they wanted something clever. They asked a better question: “Is there a more efficient way to use our money without letting taxes dictate our decisions?” That question reshaped their outcome.
For CHS employees preparing for retirement, proactive tax modeling can be just as important as investment returns.
The Bottom Line
Selling appreciated investments doesn’t automatically require absorbing a large tax bill—but it does require careful modeling, disciplined execution, and coordinated planning.
A tax-aware long-short strategy can be one of several tools available to the right retiree to maintain flexibility and support after-tax wealth.
Because in retirement, what matters most isn’t just what you’ve earned—it’s what you’re able to keep and use comfortably.
How The Retirement Group Can Help
If you’re recently retired or approaching retirement and holding significant unrealized gains, your only choices are not “pay the tax” or “do nothing.” A detailed tax review may uncover strategies tailored to your specific situation.
At The Retirement Group, we work with CHS employees to coordinate investment strategy with tax planning so taxes don’t dictate how retirement is funded. Call (800) 900-5867 to schedule a personalized conversation.
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Sources:
* Names changed for privacy.
1. Internal Revenue Service. Investment Income and Expenses (Including Capital Gains and Losses) . Publication 550, 14 Feb. 2025, www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/p550.pdf .
2. McClelland, Robert, et al. Net Investment Income Tax: A Primer . Urban Institute, Jan. 2025, www.urban.org/sites/default/files/2025-01/Net%20Investment%20Income%20Tax.pdf .
3. Paradise, Thomas, Kevin Khang, and Joel M. Dickson. Tax-Loss Harvesting: Why a Personalized Approach Is Important . Vanguard Research, July 2024, corporate.vanguard.com/content/dam/corp/research/pdf/tax_loss_harvesting_why_a_personalized_approach_is_important.pdf.
What are the specific criteria that determine eligibility for the various contributions within the CHS 401(k) plan, and how do these contributions affect an employee’s retirement savings over time at CHS? Understanding these criteria can help employees maximize their contributions to ensure they are making the most of the benefits offered by CHS.
Eligibility for 401(k) Contributions: CHS employees can contribute up to 75% of their eligible compensation to their 401(k), with an IRS limit of $18,000 (in 2017) plus an additional $6,000 for those aged 50 and older. CHS also provides a basic contribution of 2% and a performance-based contribution, which increases based on years of service(CHS_12_31_2017_Retireme…). Understanding these contributions can help maximize retirement savings.
How does the CHS Pension Plan work, particularly regarding the differences between the traditional account and the cash balance account? Employees might want to delve into how their choices and years of service will impact their retirement payout from either account.
CHS Pension Plan Structure: CHS offers a pension plan with both traditional and cash balance accounts. The traditional account is based on average pay and years of service, while the cash balance account accrues pay credits based on service. After December 31, 2017, pay credits ceased, but interest credits continue(CHS_12_31_2017_Retireme…). Employees should understand how these accounts affect their retirement benefits.
In what ways does the vesting schedule of CHS employer contributions influence an employee's retirement strategy? Employees at CHS need to understand how vesting affects their overall benefits and what steps they must take to ensure they are fully vested in time for retirement.
Vesting Schedule Impact: CHS has a three-year vesting schedule for its basic 401(k) contributions, while match and performance-based contributions are immediately vested(CHS_12_31_2017_Retireme…). Knowing the vesting rules is crucial for employees planning their retirement strategy, ensuring full benefits are realized.
Can you explain what "frozen" benefits mean for employees nearing retirement at CHS, and how this affects the calculations of future pension benefits? It's critical for employees to grasp the implications of a frozen pension account on their retirement plans.
Frozen Benefits: CHS employees with frozen benefits in the pension plan will not receive further pay credits after December 31, 2017, but interest credits will continue(CHS_12_31_2017_Retireme…). Understanding this freeze is essential for planning retirement payouts.
How can employees at CHS plan for their retirement withdrawals post-employment, particularly focusing on the pension distribution options that are available to them? Employees may find it beneficial to understand the long-term effects of these options on their financial health during retirement.
Retirement Withdrawals: CHS employees have the option to withdraw retirement savings via lump-sum payments or monthly annuities(CHS_12_31_2017_Retireme…). Choosing the right distribution option can significantly impact long-term financial health in retirement.
What actions should employees take if they want to change their contribution elections or investment strategies within CHS retirement plans? Knowledge of the processes for making changes can empower employees to take proactive steps in managing their retirement savings.
Changing Contribution Elections: Employees can change their contribution and investment elections online via the Empower Retirement portal or by calling Empower Retirement(CHS_12_31_2017_Retireme…). This flexibility allows for proactive management of retirement savings.
How does the ability to access and review pension benefits online through the Empower Retirement website enhance the retirement planning process for employees at CHS? This question can lead to discussions about the importance of staying informed about one's financial future.
Access to Pension Benefits Online: Employees can access their pension benefits through Empower Retirement’s website(CHS_12_31_2017_Retireme…). Regularly reviewing these accounts is crucial for staying informed about retirement planning.
What are the implications for CHS employees who are not 100% vested in the Pension Plan before the freeze date, and what alternative options do they have for their retirement savings? Understanding this will help employees make informed choices regarding their benefits.
Not Fully Vested Before Freeze: If employees were not fully vested in the pension plan before the freeze date, they are still eligible to receive vested benefits(CHS_12_31_2017_Retireme…). Exploring alternative retirement savings options is important for those affected.
How do fluctuations in national interest rates impact the retirement plans of employees at CHS, particularly in the context of cash balance accounts? Employees should consider how external economic factors can affect their financial future.
Interest Rate Impact: The interest rate used to calculate cash balance account credits is the 10-year Treasury constant maturity rate plus 2%. These rates fluctuate annually(CHS_12_31_2017_Retireme…). Employees should be aware of how changes in interest rates affect their pension growth.
How should employees contact CHS for more information regarding their retirement benefits, and what resources are particularly useful for navigating the complexities of the pension and 401(k) plans? Contacting the right departments or utilizing specific resources can be crucial for maximizing retirement benefits at CHS. These questions are designed to provide depth and complexity, enabling employees to better understand their retirement benefits and the policies at CHS.
Contacting CHS for Retirement Information: Employees can contact Empower Retirement for pension and 401(k) inquiries via the Empower Retirement website or by phone(CHS_12_31_2017_Retireme…). Utilizing these resources can help navigate complex retirement options.



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