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How Oneok Employees Can Use Intentionally Defective Grantor Trusts (IDGTs) in Estate Planning

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“Oneok employees reviewing IDGTs can benefit from understanding how these trusts may support long-term legacy planning, although qualified legal and tax professionals should review these strategies to determine whether they fit into their overall goals.” ~ Wesley Boudreaux, a representative of The Retirement Group, a division of Wealth Enhancement.

“Oneok employees considering an IDGT should recognize how this strategy may support long-term wealth transfer goals, although these structures should be reviewed with qualified legal and tax professionals to determine whether they align with each household’s broader plan.” ~ Patrick Ray, a representative of The Retirement Group, a division of Wealth Enhancement.

In this article, we will discuss:

How intentionally defective grantor trusts (IDGTs) work.
The advantages and potential limitations of using an IDGT.
Key considerations for Oneok employees evaluating this type of planning strategy.

An irrevocable trust arrangement known as an intentionally defective grantor trust (IDGT) allows the grantor to move assets out of their taxable estate while still being treated as the owner of those assets for income tax purposes. Many people, including Oneok employees with high-growth or income-producing holdings, may benefit from using this strategy to support long-term wealth preservation.

How an Intentionally Defective Grantor Trust Works

For tax purposes, different kinds of trusts receive different treatment, and understanding the distinctions can help Oneok professionals review planning strategies more effectively.

Revocable Trusts

In a revocable trust, the grantor is taxed on trust income and is regarded as the owner for income tax purposes. A separate trust income tax return is usually unnecessary. These assets generally remain inside the grantor’s taxable estate because the grantor maintains full control.

Irrevocable Trusts

An irrevocable trust is treated as its own tax entity, filing its own return and taking its own deductions. When properly drafted so the grantor does not retain certain powers or interests, assets transferred to an irrevocable trust are generally removed from the taxable estate, a detail that can matter for Oneok professionals with substantial savings or investment holdings.

How IDGTs Combine These Features

An IDGT is structured as an irrevocable trust for estate and gift tax purposes, removing assets from the taxable estate, but is treated as a grantor trust for income tax purposes. As long as the grantor pays income taxes on trust earnings, the trust’s assets can grow outside the estate, which may appeal to Oneok professionals with long-term legacy goals.

Why It’s Called “Intentionally Defective”

The trust is drafted so that, under IRS grantor-trust rules, the grantor remains the owner for income tax purposes due to certain retained powers. At the same time, the trust is irrevocable for estate tax purposes, allowing the assets to remain outside the taxable estate—a structure that may assist with multigenerational planning.

Advantages of an Intentionally Defective Grantor Trust

Because an IDGT is a grantor trust for income tax purposes, the grantor pays income tax on trust earnings. This leads to two important benefits that may interest Oneok employees with high-value assets:

- Trust assets can grow for beneficiaries without being reduced by income tax payments.
- Income tax paid by the grantor reduces the taxable estate without being classified as a gift.

- This dynamic—where grantors use personal funds to pay taxes that would otherwise reduce trust assets—is often referred to as a “tax burn.”

How Assets Are Transferred to an IDGT

Oneok employees reviewing wealth transfer strategies may encounter two common approaches:

1. Gift or Partial Gift/Sale

A grantor can move assets to an IDGT as a gift. If the gift stays within the lifetime gift and estate tax exemption, it typically does not create out-of-pocket gift tax. Some planning approaches combine a partial gift with a sale to balance estate goals.

2. Sale to the IDGT

Many grantors sell assets to an IDGT in exchange for a promissory note with an interest rate at or above the IRS Applicable Federal Rate (AFR).

- The sale is typically not treated as a taxable gift if conducted at fair market value.
- Appreciation above the AFR occurs outside the grantor’s estate for beneficiaries.
- When AFR rules and loan requirements are followed, the note is treated as valid consideration and carries an interest obligation.

Potential Drawbacks of an IDGT

Once established, an IDGT is difficult to modify, similar to other irrevocable trusts. Outcomes also depend on the trust assets growing at a rate higher than the AFR. If that does not occur, the intended estate planning benefits may fall short—an important consideration for Oneok employees reviewing various asset types.

Who Might Consider an IDGT?

An IDGT can be appealing for families facing potential estate tax exposure, especially when transferring assets with strong growth potential. This approach works best when the grantor has sufficient liquidity to continue paying the trust’s income taxes personally, a factor some Oneok employees review when assessing retirement and estate liquidity. Because the structure requires precise legal drafting, it should be established with qualified legal counsel.

Need Support with IDGTs or Retirement Planning?

The Retirement Group can assist you in reviewing whether an IDGT fits into your broader retirement and estate plan as a Oneok employee. For guidance tailored to your long-term goals, call us at (800) 900-5867 .

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Sources:

1. BMO Wealth Management. Herman, Brad. Intentionally Defective Grantor Trust. BMO Financial Group, Oct. 2021,
https://uswealth.bmo.com/media/filer_public/8b/3f/8b3f85c6-21b0-407e-bfbf-0f9b181c1673/bwm_idgtarticle_1103.pdf .

2. Fidelity Wealth Management. “What Is an Intentionally Defective Grantor Trust (IDGT)?” Fidelity Viewpoints , 4 Dec. 2025,
https://www.fidelity.com/viewpoints/wealth-management/insights/intentionally-defective-grantor-trusts .

3. Hirtle, Callaghan & Co. Estate Planning With Intentionally Defective Grantor Trusts.
Hirtle, Callaghan & Co., 2020,
https://www.hirtlecallaghan.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Intentionally-Defective-Grantor-Trusts.pdf .

4. Nevada Trust Company. Ford-Grella, Jaclyn. “How Intentionally Defective Grantor Trusts Can Safeguard Assets for Future Generations.” Nevada Trust Company , 10 Dec. 2024,
https://www.nevadatrust.com/how-intentionally-defective-grantor-trusts-can-safeguard-assets-for-future-generations/ .

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Eligibility Factors: ONEOK, Inc. considers several factors when determining eligibility for its retirement plan, such as date of hire, age, and participation in certain programs like the Profit Sharing Plan. Employees must have been hired before January 1, 2005, and must meet the minimum age of 21 to be eligible(ONEOK_Inc_Retirement_Pl…). These factors align with common retirement planning principles, such as ensuring long-term employment and participation in benefit programs.

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Plan Structure and Financial Planning: The ONEOK Retirement Plan uses a formula based on Final Average Earnings and Years of Credited Service. This structure impacts employees' financial planning, as it encourages maximizing years of service and optimizing earnings in the final years before retirement(ONEOK_Inc_Retirement_Pl…). Employees nearing retirement should focus on maximizing both variables for a stronger financial outcome.

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IRS Limits and Impact on Planning: Changes to IRS limits, such as increases in contribution caps or income thresholds, could affect employees’ ability to defer taxes and maximize savings(ONEOK_Inc_Retirement_Pl…). Employees can adapt by adjusting their contributions to their 401(k) or other retirement accounts in line with new limits, ensuring they stay within allowable tax advantages.

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Retirement Application Process: Employees must request a retirement estimate online or through HR, and submit retirement forms and documentation to initiate benefits(ONEOK_Inc_Retirement_Pl…). Timely submission is key to ensure a smooth transition, and benefits usually begin the first of the month after retirement.

What options are available to employees of ONEOK, Inc. if they wish to change their designated beneficiaries in the retirement plan, and how can they ensure that these changes are executed properly?

Changing Beneficiaries: Employees can change their designated beneficiaries by submitting a pre-retirement death beneficiary form(ONEOK_Inc_Retirement_Pl…). Spousal consent is required for changes that involve someone other than the spouse, and notarization is needed to ensure proper execution.

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In terms of employee rights under ERISA, what recourse do employees of ONEOK, Inc. have if they believe their benefits are being mismanaged or if they encounter issues when filing claims related to their retirement benefits?

ERISA Rights and Recourse: Employees have rights under ERISA, including the ability to file claims and appeals if they believe their benefits are being mismanaged(ONEOK_Inc_Retirement_Pl…). If claims are denied, they can appeal and ultimately take legal action under Section 502(a) of ERISA if necessary.

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How can employees of ONEOK, Inc. reach out for additional information regarding the retirement plan, and what are the best practices for utilizing the resources available for retirement planning assistance?

Accessing Retirement Information: Employees can contact ONEOK HR Solutions or access the Employee Self-Service platform for detailed information about their retirement plan(ONEOK_Inc_Retirement_Pl…). Best practices include regular consultations with HR to stay informed and plan effectively for retirement.