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How Packaging Corp. of America Employees Can Use Intentionally Defective Grantor Trusts (IDGTs) in Estate Planning

Healthcare Provider Update: Healthcare Provider for Packaging Corp. of America Packaging Corp. of America typically offers healthcare coverage through major insurers for its employees. While specific provider listings may vary by location, commonly partnered insurers include UnitedHealthcare, Anthem BlueCross BlueShield, and Cigna, among others. Potential Healthcare Cost Increases in 2026 As we look ahead to 2026, healthcare costs are projected to surge significantly, particularly within Affordable Care Act (ACA) marketplaces. With many states anticipating premium hikes of over 60%, the retrospective loss of enhanced federal premium subsidies is poised to exacerbate the financial burden, resulting in potential out-of-pocket increases exceeding 75% for nearly all marketplace enrollees. Compounding these rising costs are ongoing trends of increasing medical expenses driven by higher hospital, physician, and drug prices, alongside inflationary pressures affecting the broader economy. Consequently, while Packaging Corp. of America navigates these trends, both the company and its employees may face steeper healthcare expenses in the near future. Click here to learn more

“Packaging Corp. of America employees reviewing IDGTs can benefit from understanding how these trusts may support long-term legacy planning, although qualified legal and tax professionals should review these strategies to determine whether they fit into their overall goals.” ~ Wesley Boudreaux, a representative of The Retirement Group, a division of Wealth Enhancement.

“Packaging Corp. of America employees considering an IDGT should recognize how this strategy may support long-term wealth transfer goals, although these structures should be reviewed with qualified legal and tax professionals to determine whether they align with each household’s broader plan.” ~ Patrick Ray, a representative of The Retirement Group, a division of Wealth Enhancement.

In this article, we will discuss:

How intentionally defective grantor trusts (IDGTs) work.
The advantages and potential limitations of using an IDGT.
Key considerations for Packaging Corp. of America employees evaluating this type of planning strategy.

An irrevocable trust arrangement known as an intentionally defective grantor trust (IDGT) allows the grantor to move assets out of their taxable estate while still being treated as the owner of those assets for income tax purposes. Many people, including Packaging Corp. of America employees with high-growth or income-producing holdings, may benefit from using this strategy to support long-term wealth preservation.

How an Intentionally Defective Grantor Trust Works

For tax purposes, different kinds of trusts receive different treatment, and understanding the distinctions can help Packaging Corp. of America professionals review planning strategies more effectively.

Revocable Trusts

In a revocable trust, the grantor is taxed on trust income and is regarded as the owner for income tax purposes. A separate trust income tax return is usually unnecessary. These assets generally remain inside the grantor’s taxable estate because the grantor maintains full control.

Irrevocable Trusts

An irrevocable trust is treated as its own tax entity, filing its own return and taking its own deductions. When properly drafted so the grantor does not retain certain powers or interests, assets transferred to an irrevocable trust are generally removed from the taxable estate, a detail that can matter for Packaging Corp. of America professionals with substantial savings or investment holdings.

How IDGTs Combine These Features

An IDGT is structured as an irrevocable trust for estate and gift tax purposes, removing assets from the taxable estate, but is treated as a grantor trust for income tax purposes. As long as the grantor pays income taxes on trust earnings, the trust’s assets can grow outside the estate, which may appeal to Packaging Corp. of America professionals with long-term legacy goals.

Why It’s Called “Intentionally Defective”

The trust is drafted so that, under IRS grantor-trust rules, the grantor remains the owner for income tax purposes due to certain retained powers. At the same time, the trust is irrevocable for estate tax purposes, allowing the assets to remain outside the taxable estate—a structure that may assist with multigenerational planning.

Advantages of an Intentionally Defective Grantor Trust

Because an IDGT is a grantor trust for income tax purposes, the grantor pays income tax on trust earnings. This leads to two important benefits that may interest Packaging Corp. of America employees with high-value assets:

- Trust assets can grow for beneficiaries without being reduced by income tax payments.
- Income tax paid by the grantor reduces the taxable estate without being classified as a gift.

- This dynamic—where grantors use personal funds to pay taxes that would otherwise reduce trust assets—is often referred to as a “tax burn.”

How Assets Are Transferred to an IDGT

Packaging Corp. of America employees reviewing wealth transfer strategies may encounter two common approaches:

1. Gift or Partial Gift/Sale

A grantor can move assets to an IDGT as a gift. If the gift stays within the lifetime gift and estate tax exemption, it typically does not create out-of-pocket gift tax. Some planning approaches combine a partial gift with a sale to balance estate goals.

2. Sale to the IDGT

Many grantors sell assets to an IDGT in exchange for a promissory note with an interest rate at or above the IRS Applicable Federal Rate (AFR).

- The sale is typically not treated as a taxable gift if conducted at fair market value.
- Appreciation above the AFR occurs outside the grantor’s estate for beneficiaries.
- When AFR rules and loan requirements are followed, the note is treated as valid consideration and carries an interest obligation.

Potential Drawbacks of an IDGT

Once established, an IDGT is difficult to modify, similar to other irrevocable trusts. Outcomes also depend on the trust assets growing at a rate higher than the AFR. If that does not occur, the intended estate planning benefits may fall short—an important consideration for Packaging Corp. of America employees reviewing various asset types.

Who Might Consider an IDGT?

An IDGT can be appealing for families facing potential estate tax exposure, especially when transferring assets with strong growth potential. This approach works best when the grantor has sufficient liquidity to continue paying the trust’s income taxes personally, a factor some Packaging Corp. of America employees review when assessing retirement and estate liquidity. Because the structure requires precise legal drafting, it should be established with qualified legal counsel.

Need Support with IDGTs or Retirement Planning?

The Retirement Group can assist you in reviewing whether an IDGT fits into your broader retirement and estate plan as a Packaging Corp. of America employee. For guidance tailored to your long-term goals, call us at (800) 900-5867 .

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Sources:

1. BMO Wealth Management. Herman, Brad. Intentionally Defective Grantor Trust. BMO Financial Group, Oct. 2021,
https://uswealth.bmo.com/media/filer_public/8b/3f/8b3f85c6-21b0-407e-bfbf-0f9b181c1673/bwm_idgtarticle_1103.pdf .

2. Fidelity Wealth Management. “What Is an Intentionally Defective Grantor Trust (IDGT)?” Fidelity Viewpoints , 4 Dec. 2025,
https://www.fidelity.com/viewpoints/wealth-management/insights/intentionally-defective-grantor-trusts .

3. Hirtle, Callaghan & Co. Estate Planning With Intentionally Defective Grantor Trusts.
Hirtle, Callaghan & Co., 2020,
https://www.hirtlecallaghan.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Intentionally-Defective-Grantor-Trusts.pdf .

4. Nevada Trust Company. Ford-Grella, Jaclyn. “How Intentionally Defective Grantor Trusts Can Safeguard Assets for Future Generations.” Nevada Trust Company , 10 Dec. 2024,
https://www.nevadatrust.com/how-intentionally-defective-grantor-trusts-can-safeguard-assets-for-future-generations/ .

What type of retirement savings plan does Packaging Corp. of America offer to its employees?

Packaging Corp. of America offers a 401(k) retirement savings plan to its employees.

Does Packaging Corp. of America match employee contributions to the 401(k) plan?

Yes, Packaging Corp. of America provides a matching contribution to employee 401(k) plan contributions, subject to certain limits.

What is the eligibility requirement to participate in the 401(k) plan at Packaging Corp. of America?

Employees of Packaging Corp. of America are eligible to participate in the 401(k) plan after completing a specified period of service, typically 30 days.

How can employees of Packaging Corp. of America enroll in the 401(k) plan?

Employees can enroll in the 401(k) plan through the company’s HR portal or by contacting the HR department for assistance.

What investment options are available in Packaging Corp. of America's 401(k) plan?

Packaging Corp. of America offers a variety of investment options, including mutual funds, target-date funds, and other investment vehicles.

Can employees of Packaging Corp. of America take loans against their 401(k) savings?

Yes, Packaging Corp. of America allows employees to take loans against their 401(k) savings, subject to the plan’s terms and conditions.

What is the vesting schedule for the employer match in Packaging Corp. of America’s 401(k) plan?

The vesting schedule for the employer match at Packaging Corp. of America typically follows a graded vesting schedule over several years.

Are there any fees associated with Packaging Corp. of America’s 401(k) plan?

Yes, there may be administrative fees and investment-related fees associated with Packaging Corp. of America’s 401(k) plan, which are disclosed in the plan documents.

How often can employees of Packaging Corp. of America change their 401(k) contribution amount?

Employees can change their 401(k) contribution amount at any time, following the guidelines set by Packaging Corp. of America.

What happens to the 401(k) savings if an employee leaves Packaging Corp. of America?

If an employee leaves Packaging Corp. of America, they can choose to roll over their 401(k) savings to another qualified plan, withdraw the funds, or leave them in the current plan if allowed.