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Healthcare Provider Update: Healthcare Provider for Cummins Inc. Cummins Inc. primarily administers its employee health benefits through major insurance providers, including UnitedHealthcare and Anthem Blue Cross Blue Shield (BCBS), among others. Potential Healthcare Cost Increases in 2026 As Cummins Inc. anticipates significant healthcare cost increases in 2026, employees should prepare for potential spikes in premiums driven by a combination of factors. A projected rise of up to 8.5% in employer-sponsored insurance costs, alongside the potential expiration of enhanced ACA subsidies, may lead many employees to see their out-of-pocket expenses grow considerably. With certain states experiencing premium hikes exceeding 60%, comprehensive financial planning, including the strategic use of Health Savings Accounts (HSAs), will become essential for mitigating the anticipated financial impact on individuals and families. Click here to learn more
'Cummins Inc employees navigating concentrated stock positions should view strategies like collars as part of a broader wealth and tax planning discussion that requires careful coordination with qualified professionals.' – Paul Bergeron, a representative of The Retirement Group, a division of Wealth Enhancement.
'Cummins Inc employees with significant stock holdings can benefit from understanding how thoughtful planning techniques provide both flexibility and time to make informed decisions about future diversification.' – Tyson Mavar, a representative of The Retirement Group, a division of Wealth Enhancement.
In this article, we will discuss:
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How an options collar can help manage concentrated stock positions without triggering immediate taxes.
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Key considerations for constructive sale treatment under Section 1259.
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Practical examples and alternatives for Cummins Inc employees holding appreciated stock.
By Tyson Mavar, advisor at Wealth Enhancement
The Difficulty of Keeping Valuable Stock
Many Cummins Inc employees hold highly valued company stock, which may have been built up over years of employment or from investments that performed better than expected. Leaving these shares without a hedge exposes them to downside risk if the stock price falls, but selling would create a significant capital gains tax liability.
One method of limiting potential losses without selling outright is an options collar. Even if the stock is not sold, certain hedging techniques can be treated as taxable sales under Section 1259 of the Internal Revenue Code, which governs 'constructive sales.'
The Operation of an Options Collar
A collar strategy combines shares already owned with two option positions:
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Put option: Purchasing a put option gives you the right to sell shares at a set strike price. For example, if you own stock at $100 and buy a $90 put, you can still sell at $90 even if the price falls further.
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Covered call: Selling a call requires selling at a higher strike price. For instance, selling a $120 call limits gains above $120.
When paired, the call premium can offset the put’s cost. This creates a range where downside is limited and upside is capped. Additionally, with careful planning, the collar can often be cost-neutral.
The Use of Collars by Investors
Cummins Inc stockholders and others might use collars in the following cases:
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Concentrated positions: A large portion of wealth tied to one company.
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Market uncertainty: When downside management is needed but selling isn’t desirable.
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Estate and legacy planning: Preserving value while postponing capital gains.
The Problem of Constructive Sales
Section 1259 defines some hedges as constructive sales, including:
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- Short sales of stock you already own.
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- Contracts for future delivery of the stock.
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- Deep in-the-money calls and puts that eliminate both risk and reward.
If the IRS views a collar as removing nearly all economic exposure, it can be treated as a constructive sale, triggering immediate recognition of capital gains.
Collar Design to Steer Clear of Constructive Sales
To reduce the risk of Section 1259 issues, Cummins Inc employees can structure collars with careful attention:
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- Keep strike prices wide enough to allow both risk and reward.
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- Use out-of-the-money calls and puts rather than in-the-money options.
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- Roll collars forward instead of holding outdated positions.
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- Document investment intent with an advisor.
An Example
Suppose you hold $2 million in stock purchased years ago for $200,000. Selling outright could result in over $400,000 in federal taxes, depending on your state.
Instead, you might sell calls at 120% of the stock’s value and purchase puts at 80%. In this design:
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- Losses are limited to 20%.
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- Gains are capped above 120%.
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- The position retains risk and reward, so it generally avoids being classified as a constructive sale.
This approach can provide time to manage sales across multiple tax years or to wait for a more favorable tax environment.
Considerations
Cummins Inc employees considering collars should note:
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Liquidity: Large-cap companies usually have strong options markets.
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Rolling: Positions can be extended as expiration approaches.
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Alternatives: Other hedging tools include donor-advised funds, charitable remainder trusts, gifting strategies, or exchange funds.
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Advisory guidance: Given the complexity of constructive sale rules, consulting tax and legal professionals is critical.
The Bottom Line
Options collars can help Cummins Inc employees preserve the value of appreciated stock while limiting downside and postponing taxable events. This strategy allows time for thoughtful diversification while maintaining both risk and opportunity. However, collars must be carefully designed to reduce the chance of triggering constructive sale treatment under the Internal Revenue Code.
Disclaimer: This material is for educational purposes only. Alternative investments may not be suitable for all investors and involve special risks such as leveraging the investment, potential adverse market forces, regulatory changes, and potential illiquidity. Investing involves risk, including possible loss of principal. Always consult your tax professional before making decisions, as tax laws are complex and subject to change.
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Sources:
1. United States Congress. 26 U.S. Code §1259 - Constructive Sales Treatment for Appreciated Financial Positions. Cornell Law School, Legal Information Institute, 5 Aug. 1997, amended 4 Oct. 2004. https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/26/1259.
2. Internal Revenue Service. Revenue Ruling 2003-7, 2003-1 C.B. 363. 2003. https://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-drop/rr-03-7.pdf.
3. Options Industry Council (OIC). Options Strategies Quick Guide. The Options Clearing Corporation, 2021. https://www.optionseducation.org/getattachment/007fe864-029a-490d-8dc1-3b58bd558f64/options-strategies-quick-guide.pdf?lang=en-US
4. Internal Revenue Service. 2024 Instructions for Form 5227, Split-Interest Trust Information Return. 26 Nov. 2024. https://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/i5227.pdf
How does Cummins determine eligibility for participation in the Cummins Pension Plan, and what are the implications for employees who temporarily leave the workforce? This inquiry should delve into the specific criteria that define an eligible employee, such as citizenship requirements and exclusions, as well as the continuation of benefits and service credit during approved leaves or breaks in service at Cummins. It would also explore the complexities surrounding vesting and how service prior to a break is credited upon re-employment at Cummins.
Eligibility and Participation in the Cummins Pension Plan: Eligibility for the Cummins Pension Plan requires being an active employee, not participating in another Cummins defined benefit pension plan, and meeting certain citizenship or residency criteria. During approved leaves of absence, employees continue to accrue service credits, ensuring continuous growth in their pension benefits. Notably, vesting occurs after three years of service, securing the employee's entitlement to pension benefits upon leaving the company. The plan handles breaks in service by allowing reemployment within 12 months to count towards vesting and benefit calculations, safeguarding employee benefits against temporary disruptions in their career with Cummins.
What are the potential benefits and limitations of the forms of distribution available under the Cummins Pension Plan, and how should employees prepare for their pension benefit election? This question requires an analysis of various forms of distributions, such as lump sums versus annuities, highlighting the financial implications of each choice, particularly in relation to the IRS rules for 2024 regarding tax treatment. Employees should also consider how their family structure (e.g., marital status, dependents) may influence their decisions when electing a distribution method.
Distribution Forms and Tax Considerations: The Cummins Pension Plan offers various distribution forms, including lump sums and annuities, each with distinct tax implications under IRS rules for 2024. Employees must consider their family structure and tax status when choosing a distribution form, as these factors influence the tax treatment and financial outcome of their pension benefits. The plan provides clear guidelines on these options, ensuring employees can make informed decisions that align with their personal and financial circumstances.
In what ways do pay credits and interest credits accrue within the Cummins Pension Plan, and how can employees gauge their potential retirement benefits over time? This question will focus on the specifics of how pay credits are calculated based on an employee's compensation and service at Cummins, as well as the impact of interest credits on the total account balance and long-term retirement planning. It will also examine how employees can track these credits through the Cummins retirement resources.
Accrual of Pay and Interest Credits: The pension benefits at Cummins accrue through pay credits based on compensation and service, along with interest credits. Employees can monitor their accumulating benefits through the Cummins retirement resources, offering transparency and planning advantages. This structured accrual method supports employees in projecting their future pension benefits and making informed decisions about their retirement timing and financial needs.
How does Cummins ensure compliance with ERISA and other regulatory standards in the management of the Cummins Pension Plan, and what rights do employees have under these regulations? This query should explore Cummins' obligations as a fiduciary in managing employee benefits and highlight the key rights of plan participants. The discussion should include access to plan documents, the process for filing claims, and the significance of ERISA protections for employees retired from Cummins.
Regulatory Compliance and Employee Rights: Cummins diligently adheres to ERISA standards in managing the pension plan, emphasizing fiduciary responsibility and ensuring participants' rights are upheld. Employees have rights to access plan documents, participate in claims and appeals processes, and are protected under ERISA from any plan-related discrimination. This regulatory compliance not only secures the integrity of their pension benefits but also reinforces the legal framework protecting participant rights.
What role does the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC) play in safeguarding the retirement benefits of Cummins employees, and how does this affect the perception of the plan's reliability? This question would examine the insurance coverage provided by the PBGC, what types of benefits are guaranteed, and under what circumstances benefits may not be fully covered. Employees might analyze how this federal insurance impacts their confidence in the plan, especially in light of changing economic conditions.
Role of the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC): The PBGC insures the pension benefits under the Cummins Plan, providing a safety net that enhances the reliability of these benefits. Employees covered by the plan can gain confidence in the security of their pensions, knowing that even in the face of potential plan termination, the PBGC guarantees the core benefits, subject to certain legal limits and conditions.
How does the Cummins Pension Plan interface with employees' Social Security benefits, and what should retirees consider when planning for a sustainable retirement income? This inquiry will look at the coordination of benefits under the Cummins plan with Social Security, examining how pension income might influence Social Security calculations. It would require discussions on the timing of retirement elections and how they align with Social Security claims.
Interaction with Social Security Benefits: The Cummins Pension Plan is designed to integrate smoothly with Social Security benefits, offering provisions that help plan participants optimize their total retirement income. Understanding this interaction allows employees to strategically plan their retirement age and benefit commencement, maximizing their financial stability in later life.
What are the specific procedures and deadlines that Cummins employees should follow to successfully elect a distribution from the Cummins Pension Plan upon retirement? This question will necessitate a detailed look at the steps involved in initiating a benefit distribution, including the importance of spousal consent, the timing of application submissions, and any documentation that may be required. Understanding these processes can significantly affect the financial outcomes for retirees.
Procedures and Deadlines for Electing Pension Distribution: The Cummins Pension Plan outlines specific procedures and deadlines for electing a distribution upon retirement, emphasizing the importance of timely and informed decision-making. By understanding these processes, employees can avoid delays and ensure that they receive their pension benefits in the manner that best suits their post-retirement financial plans.
What are the implications of choosing to defer pension benefits and how does the Cummins Plan accommodate employees who opt not to start their benefits at the normal retirement date? This inquiry could address the potential financial consequences of deferring benefits, including eligibility requirements for such deferral and how it aligns with IRS regulations. Employees should critically evaluate their financial situations and retirement goals, weighing the allure of continued employment against starting their retirement benefits sooner.
Deferring Pension Benefits: Employees at Cummins have the option to defer their pension benefits beyond the normal retirement date, which can influence the financial value of their benefits. The plan provides guidelines on how deferral impacts benefit calculations and distributions, assisting employees in making decisions that align with their long-term financial goals.
How can Cummins employees designating beneficiaries ensure that their wishes are respected concerning death benefits, particularly in light of recent changes in the pension landscape? This question focuses on the options available to employees for designating beneficiaries, the process for updating these designations over time, and the specific forms that need to be completed to ensure compliance with the Cummins Pension Plan. It will also discuss the impact of state and federal laws on these designations.
Designating Beneficiaries and Ensuring Compliance: The plan stipulates clear processes for designating beneficiaries for pension benefits, ensuring that employees' wishes are respected and legally documented. This is crucial for planning and securing financial provisions for survivors, reflecting the plan's comprehensive approach to retirement benefits.
How can Cummins employees contact the Cummins Retirement Benefits Service Center to obtain more information about the Cummins Pension Plan and related retirement processes? This question emphasizes the various channels through which employees can reach out to the service center, the types of queries they can address regarding the Cummins Pension Plan, and the resources available online to assist with pension-related inquiries. Employees are encouraged to take advantage of these resources to make informed decisions regarding their retirement planning.
Accessing Information and Assistance: Cummins provides multiple channels for employees to access information and assistance regarding their pension plan, including online resources and a dedicated service center. This accessibility ensures that employees can obtain detailed information and personalized support, enabling them to navigate their pension benefits effectively.
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