Understanding the Generational Home Ownership Divide: Insights for Ernst & Young Employees on Navigating the U.S. Housing Market

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A noteworthy development in the US housing market's dynamic terrain is the tendency that has surfaced, emphasizing the differences in home ownership between various generations. Interestingly, baby boomers—especially those who have entered the empty-nest phase—now account for the majority of the country's large-home owners. This group owns about 28.2% of the country's large homes; in sharp contrast, millennials with children possess 14.2% of the country's homes, while Generation Z families with children own an almost insignificant 0.3%.

There are a number of reasons for this disparity, chief among them being the variations in the economic circumstances that these generations encountered in their peak years for purchasing a property. Large homes were far more affordable for baby boomers when they were younger, which was made worse by the present market's dearth of financial incentives for sellers. A significant percentage of baby boomers are mortgage-free house owners who own their properties outright. Many of those who do have mortgages take advantage of record low interest rates, which lessens the incentive to sell or downsize.

The dynamics of home ownership have changed significantly in the last ten years. Large homes were owned by both empty-nesters and young families ten years ago. But today, regardless of location, at least 20% of large homes in the United States are occupied by empty-nesters. In sharp contrast, less than 18% of large homes nationwide are occupied by millennials with children, who are most likely to reside in the Midwest and least likely to do so in California's coastal regions.

Moreover, another segment of the baby boomer population, those who reside in households with three or more adults—often with adult children living with their parents—owns an extra 7.5% of the nation's large homes. This arrangement, which reflects broader social and economic changes, implies a combination of preference for familial assistance and economic need.

These ownership patterns have a variety of effects on the housing market, urban planning, and wealth transfer between generations. Baby boomers own a disproportionate share of large homes, which highlights the difficulties subsequent generations have in finding comparable housing options due to shifting lifestyle preferences, stagnating wages, and general economic conditions. The trend also has important ramifications for the real estate industry, possibly affecting the kinds of houses that will be in demand in the future and the approaches that developers may take to satisfy changing demands.

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