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Understanding the Generational Home Ownership Divide: Insights for CHS Employees on Navigating the U.S. Housing Market

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A noteworthy development in the US housing market's dynamic terrain is the tendency that has surfaced, emphasizing the differences in home ownership between various generations. Interestingly, baby boomers—especially those who have entered the empty-nest phase—now account for the majority of the country's large-home owners. This group owns about 28.2% of the country's large homes; in sharp contrast, millennials with children possess 14.2% of the country's homes, while Generation Z families with children own an almost insignificant 0.3%.


There are a number of reasons for this disparity, chief among them being the variations in the economic circumstances that these generations encountered in their peak years for purchasing a property. Large homes were far more affordable for baby boomers when they were younger, which was made worse by the present market's dearth of financial incentives for sellers. A significant percentage of baby boomers are mortgage-free house owners who own their properties outright. Many of those who do have mortgages take advantage of record low interest rates, which lessens the incentive to sell or downsize.

The dynamics of home ownership have changed significantly in the last ten years. Large homes were owned by both empty-nesters and young families ten years ago. But today, regardless of location, at least 20% of large homes in the United States are occupied by empty-nesters. In sharp contrast, less than 18% of large homes nationwide are occupied by millennials with children, who are most likely to reside in the Midwest and least likely to do so in California's coastal regions.


Moreover, another segment of the baby boomer population, those who reside in households with three or more adults—often with adult children living with their parents—owns an extra 7.5% of the nation's large homes. This arrangement, which reflects broader social and economic changes, implies a combination of preference for familial assistance and economic need.

These ownership patterns have a variety of effects on the housing market, urban planning, and wealth transfer between generations. Baby boomers own a disproportionate share of large homes, which highlights the difficulties subsequent generations have in finding comparable housing options due to shifting lifestyle preferences, stagnating wages, and general economic conditions. The trend also has important ramifications for the real estate industry, possibly affecting the kinds of houses that will be in demand in the future and the approaches that developers may take to satisfy changing demands.

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It's critical to comprehend the subtleties of house ownership across generations as the US navigates these difficult demographic and economic changes. It sheds light on the evolving housing market in America as well as on broader cultural trends that are affecting CHS individuals decisions about where and how to live.

According to recent surveys, CHS individuals and others who are getting close to retirement age are much more prepared for retirement when they work with a financial advisor. A 2023 survey by the National Retirement Planning Coalition found that people who consulted financial consultants were 50% more likely than those who did not to say they were ready for retirement. This research highlights the need of expert financial planning in managing the intricacies of investment strategies, income management, and retirement savings, emphasizing a critical tactic for anyone hoping to ensure a stable retirement. For CHS retirees in particular, finding a CHS focused advisor can be beneficial when navigating the different retirement policies and plans. 

What are the specific criteria that determine eligibility for the various contributions within the CHS 401(k) plan, and how do these contributions affect an employee’s retirement savings over time at CHS? Understanding these criteria can help employees maximize their contributions to ensure they are making the most of the benefits offered by CHS.

Eligibility for 401(k) Contributions: CHS employees can contribute up to 75% of their eligible compensation to their 401(k), with an IRS limit of $18,000 (in 2017) plus an additional $6,000 for those aged 50 and older. CHS also provides a basic contribution of 2% and a performance-based contribution, which increases based on years of service​(CHS_12_31_2017_Retireme…). Understanding these contributions can help maximize retirement savings.

How does the CHS Pension Plan work, particularly regarding the differences between the traditional account and the cash balance account? Employees might want to delve into how their choices and years of service will impact their retirement payout from either account.

CHS Pension Plan Structure: CHS offers a pension plan with both traditional and cash balance accounts. The traditional account is based on average pay and years of service, while the cash balance account accrues pay credits based on service. After December 31, 2017, pay credits ceased, but interest credits continue​(CHS_12_31_2017_Retireme…). Employees should understand how these accounts affect their retirement benefits.

In what ways does the vesting schedule of CHS employer contributions influence an employee's retirement strategy? Employees at CHS need to understand how vesting affects their overall benefits and what steps they must take to ensure they are fully vested in time for retirement.

Vesting Schedule Impact: CHS has a three-year vesting schedule for its basic 401(k) contributions, while match and performance-based contributions are immediately vested​(CHS_12_31_2017_Retireme…). Knowing the vesting rules is crucial for employees planning their retirement strategy, ensuring full benefits are realized.

Can you explain what "frozen" benefits mean for employees nearing retirement at CHS, and how this affects the calculations of future pension benefits? It's critical for employees to grasp the implications of a frozen pension account on their retirement plans.

Frozen Benefits: CHS employees with frozen benefits in the pension plan will not receive further pay credits after December 31, 2017, but interest credits will continue​(CHS_12_31_2017_Retireme…). Understanding this freeze is essential for planning retirement payouts.

How can employees at CHS plan for their retirement withdrawals post-employment, particularly focusing on the pension distribution options that are available to them? Employees may find it beneficial to understand the long-term effects of these options on their financial health during retirement.

Retirement Withdrawals: CHS employees have the option to withdraw retirement savings via lump-sum payments or monthly annuities​(CHS_12_31_2017_Retireme…). Choosing the right distribution option can significantly impact long-term financial health in retirement.

What actions should employees take if they want to change their contribution elections or investment strategies within CHS retirement plans? Knowledge of the processes for making changes can empower employees to take proactive steps in managing their retirement savings.

Changing Contribution Elections: Employees can change their contribution and investment elections online via the Empower Retirement portal or by calling Empower Retirement​(CHS_12_31_2017_Retireme…). This flexibility allows for proactive management of retirement savings.

How does the ability to access and review pension benefits online through the Empower Retirement website enhance the retirement planning process for employees at CHS? This question can lead to discussions about the importance of staying informed about one's financial future.

Access to Pension Benefits Online: Employees can access their pension benefits through Empower Retirement’s website​(CHS_12_31_2017_Retireme…). Regularly reviewing these accounts is crucial for staying informed about retirement planning.

What are the implications for CHS employees who are not 100% vested in the Pension Plan before the freeze date, and what alternative options do they have for their retirement savings? Understanding this will help employees make informed choices regarding their benefits.

Not Fully Vested Before Freeze: If employees were not fully vested in the pension plan before the freeze date, they are still eligible to receive vested benefits​(CHS_12_31_2017_Retireme…). Exploring alternative retirement savings options is important for those affected.

How do fluctuations in national interest rates impact the retirement plans of employees at CHS, particularly in the context of cash balance accounts? Employees should consider how external economic factors can affect their financial future.

Interest Rate Impact: The interest rate used to calculate cash balance account credits is the 10-year Treasury constant maturity rate plus 2%. These rates fluctuate annually​(CHS_12_31_2017_Retireme…). Employees should be aware of how changes in interest rates affect their pension growth.

How should employees contact CHS for more information regarding their retirement benefits, and what resources are particularly useful for navigating the complexities of the pension and 401(k) plans? Contacting the right departments or utilizing specific resources can be crucial for maximizing retirement benefits at CHS. These questions are designed to provide depth and complexity, enabling employees to better understand their retirement benefits and the policies at CHS.

Contacting CHS for Retirement Information: Employees can contact Empower Retirement for pension and 401(k) inquiries via the Empower Retirement website or by phone​(CHS_12_31_2017_Retireme…). Utilizing these resources can help navigate complex retirement options.

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For more information you can reach the plan administrator for CHS at 5500 Cenex Dr Inver Grove Heights, MN 55077; or by calling them at (651) 355-6000.

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