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Mortgage or Retirement? Where Should Moody's Employees Put Their Money?

Healthcare Provider Update: Healthcare Provider for Moody's: Moody's Corporation itself is primarily a financial services company known for its analytical and credit rating services. It does not operate as a healthcare provider. However, within the healthcare sector, it analyzes health insurers and hospital systems, assessing their financial viability and operational performance. Healthcare Cost Increases in 2026: In 2026, healthcare costs are projected to soar, driven by several interlinked factors. A significant sunset of enhanced Affordable Care Act (ACA) subsidies could lead to out-of-pocket premiums skyrocketing by over 75% for many consumers. Compounding this, record-breaking requests for premium increases -with some states reporting hikes of over 60% -reveal an industry grappling with heightened medical expenses and operational pressures. Insurers, even with reported profits exceeding $31 billion, face the reality that escalating rates and diminishing financial support threaten the affordability of healthcare coverage for millions moving forward. Click here to learn more

'Moody's employees approaching retirement must balance investment opportunities with debt reduction, and as Patrick Ray of The Retirement Group, a division of Wealth Enhancement Group

'Moody's employees retiring soon should consider not just the numbers, but also their comfort with debt and financial flexibility—Wesley Boudreaux of The Retirement Group, a division of Wealth Enhancement Group

In this article, we will discuss key factors influencing the decision to allocate extra funds toward investments or mortgage repayment. Specifically, we will explore:

The Financial Trade-Off – Analyzing potential investment returns versus mortgage interest savings.
Risks and Considerations – Understanding market volatility, liquidity, and tax implications.
Personalized Decision-Making – Evaluating individual financial circumstances, debt levels, and retirement goals.

In the world of personal finance, choosing to allocate extra money to investments or debt reduction can be difficult, especially for Moody's employees nearing or entering retirement. This choice becomes particularly important in situations where a mortgage is one's primary source of debt. This debate's central argument frequently comes down to weighing the expense of debt versus possible investment rewards.

A financial perspective on investing versus accelerated mortgage repayment

The main justification for favoring investments over accelerated mortgage payback stems from the stock market's past success. In particular, the S&P 500 index had an average yearly return of 9.9% (including dividends) between 1965 and 2022. This implies that one could fairly anticipate long-term returns in the range of 7% to 8% for a well-diversified portfolio that includes both equities and bonds.

For the sake of illustration, let us take the following scenario: a person pays 20% down and purchases a $500,000 home, financing it with a 30-year fixed-rate mortgage at 6% interest. Let's say this person inherits $400,000. If this amount was invested with an annual return of 8%, it might gain over $4.03 million over the course of three decades instead of the $863,353 in interest and principal payments related to the mortgage. Though in a very simplified context, this example highlights the financial benefit of investing over quick debt reduction.

The Argument for Mathematical Returns' Inherent Flaws

That being said, there are some who disagree with the case for investing in accordance with mathematical returns. The returns on investments are by their very nature erratic and variable, and they seldom follow the straight line that average annual returns suggest. For example, between 1965 and 2022, the yearly returns of the S&P 500 saw significant fluctuations, ranging from a high of 37.6% to a low of minus 37%. In addition, a sizable fraction of American homeowners benefit from mortgage rates that are lower than 4%, which makes it much more difficult for individuals weighing their options between debt repayment and investment.

Other Things to Think About

When deciding weather to increase mortgage payments versus make investments Moody's professionals should also consider their financial circumstances. It makes sense to pay off high-interest bills first, especially credit card debt, which has average interest rates close to 25%, before thinking about making extra mortgage payments. Another important factor to take into account is liquidity; whilst house equity is an illiquid asset, equities and exchange-traded funds (ETFs) provide comparatively faster access to capital.

This choice is also influenced by tax implications. In addition to providing instant tax savings, contributions to tax-deferred retirement accounts, like IRAs, increase the allure of investing. Further lowering the cost of borrowing is the opportunity to deduct mortgage interest on loans up to $750,000.

When the loan debt hits 80% of the home's original value, mortgage insurance can be removed, which might result in annual savings of thousands of dollars. This is another factor to consider.

Final Thoughts

To put it simply, a number of factors, such as the mortgage interest rate, investment return expectations, other outstanding debts, liquidity needs, tax implications, and personal comfort with debt levels, influence the decision of whether Moody's professionals should allocate excess funds toward investments or mortgage repayment. The choice is almost always more complex, even while the economics of investment returns may favor investing, particularly in low mortgage rate situations.

When making this difficult choice, Moody's professionals must carefully assess their own financial situation, risk tolerance, and long-term goals. Ultimately, moving closer to financial security and peace of mind should be the top priority, regardless of whether debt reduction or investment comes first.

It is important for those who are getting close to retirement to think about the implications of required minimum distributions (RMDs) from retirement accounts, which start at age 72. Choosing to invest more money can result in these accounts being much larger, which could mean higher RMDs. A pleasant retirement may be supported by this greater income, but it may also result in a higher tax burden. Since Roth accounts have no required minimum distributions (RMDs) and retirement withdrawals are tax-free, making strategic investments in Roth IRAs or Roth conversions can provide a tax-efficient solution to handle this situation. (Source: IRS 'Retirement Plan and IRA Required Minimum Distributions FAQs,' last revised March 2023; Internal Revenue Service).

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Making the choice to pay off your mortgage early or put more money down for retirement is like a seasoned sailor choosing the best route to a far-off land. See your retirement as a peaceful, far-off island that you are trying to get to. There is a limited amount of cargo capacity on your yacht, which represents your available finances and your financial strategy. You have two options: either load up on more provisions (investments) to make sure you can comfortably weather any storms and currents along the way, or lower your load by tossing your mortgage overboard to enable a faster, more direct voyage. Every sailor's voyage is distinct, shaped by the winds (market returns) and the state of their vessel (financial circumstances). The trick is to pack your boat as efficiently as possible while maintaining safety, so that when you arrive at retirement island, you have enough money and peace of mind.

Source:

Williams, Rob. 'Should You Pay Off a Mortgage Before You Retire?' Charles Schwab , August 2023, https://www.schwab.com/learn/story/should-you-pay-off-mortgage-before-you-retire .

Hartman, Rachel. 'Should You Pay Off Your Mortgage Before You Retire?' U.S. News & World Report , January 2025, https://money.usnews.com/money/retirement/articles/should-you-pay-off-your-mortgage-before-you-retire .

Ameriprise Financial. 'Is It Better to Pay Off Your Mortgage or Invest?' Ameriprise Financial , 2024, https://www.ameriprise.com/financial-goals-priorities/personal-finance/should-you-pay-off-your-mortgage .

Carter, Erik. 'Should You Save More for Retirement or Pay Off Your Mortgage Early?' Forbes , 11 Oct. 2022, https://www.forbes.com/sites/financialfinesse/2022/10/11/should-you-save-more-for-retirement-or-pay-off-your-mortgage-early .

Vanguard. 'Paying Off Debt Before You Retire.' Vanguard , 2024, https://investor.vanguard.com/investor-resources-education/retirement/planning-paying-off-debt .

What type of retirement plan does Moody's offer to its employees?

Moody's offers a 401(k) savings plan to help employees save for retirement.

How can employees enroll in Moody's 401(k) plan?

Employees can enroll in Moody's 401(k) plan through the company's benefits portal during the enrollment period.

Does Moody's match employee contributions to the 401(k) plan?

Yes, Moody's provides a matching contribution to employee 401(k) accounts, subject to certain limits.

What is the maximum contribution limit for Moody's 401(k) plan?

The maximum contribution limit for Moody's 401(k) plan is in line with IRS guidelines, which can change annually.

Can employees at Moody's take loans against their 401(k) savings?

Yes, Moody's allows employees to take loans against their 401(k) savings, subject to specific terms and conditions.

What investment options are available in Moody's 401(k) plan?

Moody's 401(k) plan offers a variety of investment options, including mutual funds and target-date funds.

How often can employees change their contribution amounts in Moody's 401(k) plan?

Employees can change their contribution amounts to Moody's 401(k) plan at any time, subject to plan rules.

What happens to my 401(k) savings if I leave Moody's?

If you leave Moody's, you can roll over your 401(k) savings into another qualified retirement account or leave it in the plan, depending on the balance.

Is there a vesting schedule for Moody's 401(k) matching contributions?

Yes, Moody's has a vesting schedule for matching contributions, which determines when employees fully own those funds.

Can employees at Moody's access their 401(k) savings before retirement?

Employees at Moody's may access their 401(k) savings before retirement under certain circumstances, such as financial hardship.

With the current political climate we are in it is important to keep up with current news and remain knowledgeable about your benefits.

Name of Plan: Moody's does not appear to have a traditional defined benefit pension plan but instead offers a 401(k) plan. Years of Service and Age Qualification: Specific details on years of service and age qualifications may not be applicable as there is no traditional pension plan. Pension Formula: Not applicable. Who Qualifies: Employees are typically eligible for benefits under the 401(k) plan rather than a pension plan. Name of Plan: Moody’s 401(k) Retirement Plan. Who Qualifies: Employees who meet the eligibility requirements can participate. Typically, full-time employees are eligible to participate in the 401(k) plan. Contribution Details: Employees can contribute a percentage of their salary, and Moody’s may offer a matching contribution.

Restructuring and Layoffs: Moody's Corporation announced a significant restructuring initiative in early 2023 aimed at streamlining operations and reducing costs. This restructuring included the elimination of several positions across various departments. The decision was driven by a need to enhance operational efficiency and adapt to changing market conditions. The layoffs affected both senior and junior roles, emphasizing the company's strategic shift towards more agile and streamlined operations.

Company Filings: Look at Moody’s annual reports (10-K) and quarterly reports (10-Q) filed with the SEC. These documents often contain detailed information on stock options and RSUs. Investor Relations: Visit Moody’s Investor Relations website. They usually provide access to annual reports, earnings releases, and proxy statements that include details about compensation packages. Financial News Websites: Sites like Bloomberg, Yahoo Finance, or Reuters may have articles or reports about Moody’s compensation practices and stock options. SEC EDGAR Database: Search for Moody’s filings in the EDGAR database for detailed financial and compensation information.

2023 Adjustments: Moody’s made adjustments to their healthcare plans in 2023 to offer more flexible options, including increased contributions to HSAs and expanded telemedicine services. 2024 Initiatives: For 2024, Moody’s has introduced new wellness programs and enhanced mental health support as part of their benefits package. This includes expanded access to counseling and mental health resources. General Trends: Moody’s is aligning with broader trends in the industry towards more flexible and employee-centric healthcare solutions, emphasizing mental health and preventive care.