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Are University of Chicago Employees Prepared for Potential Tax Changes Ahead?

As the environment changes with the coming end of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, University of Chicago employees must navigate these changes strategically,' says Brent Wolf of The Retirement Group, a division of Wealth Enhancement Group. 'It is therefore important to consider Roth conversions, tax-loss harvesting, and estate planning in order to maintain financial health in the changing tax environment.'

The author of this paper agrees that University of Chicago employees who are likely to be affected by the possible change in tax laws should make it a point to meet their financial advisors to see how they can be best prepared for the future,' suggests Kevin Landis from The Retirement Group, a division of Wealth Enhancement Group. 'Some of the strategies that may be useful in the current environment and which may become particularly valuable as the tax laws change include Roth conversions and tax-loss harvesting.'

In this article we will discuss:

The effects that the upcoming 2024 elections may have on University of Chicago employees in relation to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act.
Strategic financial moves such as Roth conversions, tax-loss harvesting, and gifting to minimize tax exposures in wait of possible tax reforms.
The role of personal financial planning in the context of potential legislative modifications and their implications for retirement planning.

As the 2024 elections draw near, University of Chicago employees need to know that there are certain changes that may happen in the financial system. The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) passed in 2017 and will expire at the end of 2025 is still a debate now. This legislation made a lot of changes to the tax code through increasing the standard deduction, reducing the top tax rate, expanding tax brackets, and restricting the deduction of state and local taxes (SALT) and mortgage interest. It also raised the federal gift and estate tax exemption thresholds.

During the campaign, President Biden has indicated that many of the cuts implemented by the TCJA should not be extended when they expire. On the other hand, former President Trump has proposed to continue some of the provisions of the act, the details of which are still under negotiation. This is because Congress will have a major say in the decisions that will be made.

University of Chicago employees who are thinking about tax strategies may want to consider the following strategies in light of possible higher taxes:

Conversions to Roth:

Moving your 401(k) or IRA to a Roth 401(k) or Roth IRA may be advantageous if you anticipate higher taxes. This move allows for tax-free growth and distributions, controlling taxes in case of higher future taxes. Unlike other Roth conversions, the “backdoor” Roth entails contributing nondeductible amounts to a traditional IRA and then converting to a Roth IRA.

Tax Losses:

If you expect to pay more in capital gains taxes, you can sell losing investments and replace them with like investments to offset gains and thus reduce your taxes. The balance can be used to reduce taxable income up to $3,000 each year, any remaining loss being carried forward.

Gifting and Estate Planning:

The limits of estate taxes are expected to drop greatly in 2024, thus gifting becomes more important. With the annual gift tax exemption being increased to $18,000, there are now ways to decrease the value of the estate and gift it without incurring any tax. It is crucial to document everything, particularly if the gift is larger than the stated limit.

Qualified Longevity Annuities (QLACs):

QLACs are perfect for deferring income up to the age of 85 that may help to address potential future higher tax brackets. Qualified retirement plans include those that fund the QLAC, which defers taxation until distributions are made and are not reportable as required minimum distributions, with a limitation of $200,000.

In this context, it is crucial for the University of Chicago employees to get ready for the possible changes in the tax laws. Some of the current strategies include Roth conversions, tax-loss harvesting, and strategic gifting, which are very useful based on the current laws. This is because the situation is different for every single University of Chicago employee, and therefore the advice of a tax or financial expert is crucial as we head into the election season.

The Secure Act 2.0, which took effect in December 2022, also affects those near retirement age. This act increased the age of RMDs from retirement accounts, allowing for more tax deferred growth and possibly assistance in managing taxes in higher brackets. Review tactical financial planning in light of the impending sunset of the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act.

The opportunities that can be explored based on the understanding of Roth conversions, tax-loss harvesting, estate planning, and the benefits of Qualified Longevity Annuity Contracts (QLACs) are encountered in an attempt to maximize your retirement funds in light of potential tax increases. It is advisable to stay informed and proactive to protect your financial position as the 2024 elections may impact healthcare, taxes, and the overall economy.

IRA traditional account owners should consider certain pros and cons of converting their accounts to Roth IRA. The major ones include paying taxes on the amount being converted at the time of conversion, the rules on withdrawals from a Roth IRA, and the age and annual contribution limits on contributing to a Roth IRA. For instance, if you are required to take a RMD in the year that you convert, you must take it before converting to a Roth IRA. The following is an investment risk statement:

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Sources:

1. Investopedia: 'What Is the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA)?' Investopedia, www.investopedia.com . Accessed 4 Feb. 2025.

2. Thrivent: 'TCJA Set to Expire: Tax Moves to Consider if You're Nearing or in Retirement.' Thrivent, 20 Feb. 2024, www.thrivent.com . Accessed 4 Feb. 2025.

3. Pacific Life Annuities: 'Tax Cuts and Jobs Act Sunset Provisions after 2025.' Pacific Life Annuities, www.annuities.pacificlife.com . Accessed 4 Feb. 2025.

4. J.P. Morgan Asset Management: Conrath, Michael, and Steve Rubino. '2024 Guide to Retirement.' J.P. Morgan Asset Management, 6 Mar. 2024, am.jpmorgan.com.

5. Waverly Advisors: 'Preparing for the Expiration of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA).' Waverly Advisors, waverly-advisors.com. Accessed 4 Feb. 2025.

What are the eligibility criteria for participation in the SEPP plan for employees of The University of Chicago, and how can factors like years of service and age impact an employee's benefits under this plan? Discuss how these criteria might have changed for new employees post-2016 and what implications this has for retirement planning.

Eligibility Criteria for SEPP: Employees at The University of Chicago become eligible to participate in the SEPP upon meeting age and service requirements: being at least 21 years old and completing one year of service. For employees hired after the plan freeze on October 31, 2016, these criteria have been crucial in determining eligibility for newer employees, impacting their retirement planning as they do not accrue benefits under SEPP beyond this freeze date.

In what ways does the SEPP (Staff Employees Pension Plan) benefit calculation at The University of Chicago reflect an employee's years of service and final average pay? Examine the formulas involved in the benefits determination process, including how outside factors such as Social Security compensation can affect the total pension benefits an employee receives at retirement.

Benefit Calculation Reflecting Service and Pay: The SEPP benefits are calculated based on the final average pay and years of participation, factoring in Social Security covered compensation. Changes post-2016 have frozen benefits accrual, meaning that current employees’ benefits are calculated only up to this freeze date, affecting long-term benefits despite continued employment.

How can employees at The University of Chicago expect their SEPP benefits to be paid out upon their retirement, especially in terms of the options between lump sum distributions and annuities? Analyze the advantages and disadvantages of each payment option, and how these choices can impact an employee's financial situation in retirement.

Payout Options (Lump Sum vs. Annuities): Upon retirement, employees can opt for a lump sum payment or annuities. Each option presents financial implications; lump sums provide immediate access to funds but annuities offer sustained income. This choice is significant for financial stability in retirement, particularly under the constraints post the 2016 plan changes.

Can you elaborate on the spousal rights associated with the pension benefits under the SEPP plan at The University of Chicago? Discuss how marital status influences annuity payments and the required spousal consent when considering changes to beneficiary designations.

Spousal Rights in SEPP Benefits: Spouses have rights to pension benefits, requiring spousal consent for altering beneficiary arrangements under the SEPP. Changes post-2016 do not impact these rights, but understanding these is vital for making informed decisions about pension benefits and beneficiary designations.

As an employee nearing retirement at The University of Chicago, what considerations should one keep in mind regarding taxes on pension benefits received from the SEPP? Explore the tax implications of different types of distributions and how they align with current IRS regulations for the 2024 tax year.

Tax Considerations for SEPP Benefits: SEPP distributions are taxable income. Employees must consider the tax implications of their chosen payout method—lump sum or annuities—and plan for potential tax liabilities. This understanding is crucial, especially with the plan’s benefit accrual freeze affecting the retirement timeline.

What resources are available for employees of The University of Chicago wishing to understand more about their retirement benefits under SEPP? Discuss the types of information that can be requested from the Benefits Office and highlight the contact methods for obtaining more detailed assistance.

Resources for Understanding SEPP Benefits: The University provides resources for employees to understand their SEPP benefits, including access to the Benefits Office for personalized queries. Utilizing these resources is essential for employees, especially newer ones post-2016, to fully understand their retirement benefits under the current plan structure.

How does The University of Chicago address benefits for employees upon their death, and what provisions exist for both spouses and non-spouse beneficiaries under the SEPP plan? Analyze the specific benefits and payment structures available to beneficiaries and the conditions under which these benefits are distributed.

Posthumous Benefits: The SEPP includes provisions for spouses and non-spouse beneficiaries, detailing the continuation or lump sum payments upon the death of the employee. Understanding these provisions is crucial for estate planning and ensuring financial security for beneficiaries.

What factors ensure an employee remains fully vested in their pension benefits with The University of Chicago, and how does the vesting schedule affect retirement planning strategies? Consider the implications of not fulfilling the vesting criteria and how this might influence decisions around employment tenure and retirement timing.

Vesting and Retirement Planning: Vesting in SEPP requires three years of service, with full benefits contingent on meeting this criterion. For employees navigating post-2016 changes, understanding vesting is crucial for retirement planning, particularly as no additional benefits accrue beyond the freeze date.

Discuss the impact of a Qualified Domestic Relations Order (QDRO) on the SEPP benefits for employees at The University of Chicago. How do divorce or separation proceedings influence pension benefits, and what steps should employees take to ensure compliance with a QDRO?

Impact of QDROs on SEPP Benefits: SEPP complies with Qualified Domestic Relations Orders, which can allocate pension benefits to alternate payees. Understanding how QDROs affect one’s benefits is crucial for financial planning, especially in the context of marital dissolution.

How can employees at The University of Chicago, who have questions about their benefits under the SEPP plan, effectively communicate with the Benefits Office for clarity and assistance? Specify the various communication methods available for employees and what kind of information or support they can expect to receive.

Communicating with the Benefits Office: Employees can reach out to the Benefits Office via email or phone for detailed assistance on their SEPP benefits. Effective communication with this office is vital for employees to clarify their benefits status, particularly in light of the post-2016 changes to the plan.