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Why an Aging Workforce and Demographic Shifts Could Impact Stock Markets—and ConocoPhillips Employees' Retirement

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Healthcare Provider Update: Healthcare Provider for ConocoPhillips ConocoPhillips provides its employees with access to various healthcare plans through third-party providers, primarily offering services via large insurers such as Blue Cross Blue Shield and UnitedHealthcare. These plans typically include comprehensive medical, vision, and dental coverage tailored to meet the diverse needs of its workforce. Potential Healthcare Cost Increases in 2026 As the healthcare landscape evolves, ConocoPhillips employees can expect significant premium hikes in 2026, driven by a perfect storm of factors impacting the Affordable Care Act (ACA) marketplace. With anticipated increases exceeding 60% in some states and the potential expiration of federal premium subsidies, many employees could face out-of-pocket costs soaring by up to 75%, compounding the financial pressure. The ongoing upward trend in medical costs, coupled with employers' shifts in cost-sharing strategies, may further challenge employees as they navigate rising healthcare expenses. Planning ahead and understanding these dynamics is crucial for effective budgeting and healthcare management in the coming years. Click here to learn more

'Understanding demographic trends, like the Middle-Old ratio, can offer invaluable insight for ConocoPhillips employees planning for retirement, as it highlights the potential for slower stock market growth in the future and suggests strategic adjustments to portfolios to align with shifting global economic conditions.' – Michael Corgiat, a representative of The Retirement Group, a division of Wealth Enhancement.

'By recognizing the impact of demographic shifts, such as the Middle-Old ratio, ConocoPhillips employees can better position their retirement portfolios to navigate upcoming market changes and demographic-driven economic shifts, helping their retirement planning to remain resilient in the face of long-term trends.' – Brent Wolf, a representative of The Retirement Group, a division of Wealth Enhancement.

In this article, we will discuss:

  1. The impact of demographic shifts, particularly the Middle-Old ratio, on stock market trends and retirement planning.

  2. How population changes influence market cycles and economic growth, with a focus on ConocoPhillips employees.

  3. Strategies for adjusting retirement portfolios based on demographic forecasts, including exposure to emerging markets.

The long-term outlook for stock markets and retirement planning is being affected by the demographic changes happening in the United States and other industrialized nations. The 'Middle-Old ratio' (M/O ratio), which analyzes the ratio of middle-aged to elderly individuals, is a key factor that investors, particularly ConocoPhillips employees, should consider when planning for the future. For those preparing their retirement plans over the next decade or more, this ratio offers a unique approach to forecasting long-term stock market trends.

The Effect of the M/O Ratio on Stock Markets

The M/O ratio is determined by dividing the number of individuals aged 40 to 49 by the number of people aged 60 to 69. This metric has shown a strong correlation with long-term stock market cycles, especially in the S&P 500. Research conducted by Alejandra Grindal, chief economist at Ned Davis Research, has revealed that shifts in the M/O ratio often coincide with significant highs and lows in the stock market. 1

For example, in 2000, when the internet bubble burst and the 1990s bull market reached its peak, the M/O ratio reached its highest point. This marked the end of an era of rapid economic growth and stock market gains. Following this peak, the ratio began to decline, mirroring the 2008 global financial crisis and the subsequent bear market. Since the middle of the 2010s, the M/O ratio has been rising, indicating that a shift may be on the horizon within the next decade.

It is essential to note that while the M/O ratio may act as an indicator for long-term market trends, it is not useful for forecasting short-term market movements. For instance, it did not signal the steep market declines in 2022. Nevertheless, it remains a valuable tool for understanding the cyclical nature of the stock market.

The Influence of Demographics on Stock Market Cycles

John Geanakoplos, a professor at Yale University, has made significant contributions to understanding the relationship between financial markets and demographics. His 2002 study highlighted that many of the boom-and-bust cycles in the stock market since World War II can be attributed to shifts in population composition, particularly the proportion of middle-aged versus elderly individuals. 2  Geanakoplos explained that stock markets tend to rise when a significant portion of the population is in their prime working years and decline when a larger share of the population is elderly and no longer contributing to the economy.

This demographic shift is driven by the relative sizes of different age groups, not just the overall population. While some may focus on population growth when forecasting economic outcomes, it is the relative sizes of the middle-aged and senior cohorts that most significantly impact stock market performance.

It is expected that the M/O ratio will continue to rise into the 2030s. However, it will begin to decline again around the mid-2030s, which may signal a slowdown in stock market growth. This long-term pattern suggests that investors, particularly those at ConocoPhillips preparing for retirement, should be ready for potentially weaker equity returns starting in the early 2030s.

Taking Demographic Trends into Account When Managing Your Retirement Portfolio

Anyone preparing for retirement, especially ConocoPhillips employees with a long investment horizon, should understand how demographic shifts influence stock markets. This information can help you adjust your portfolio to align with anticipated market conditions, particularly if you are more than ten years away from retirement. As the M/O ratio seems to be peaking, it may be time to consider reducing exposure to U.S. stocks and reallocating to other regions, such as emerging markets.

For those nearing retirement, traditional strategies like those in target-date funds often recommend gradually decreasing equity exposure. For example, Vanguard’s target-date funds suggest a 30% allocation to U.S. stocks by the time an investor turns 65. However, due to demographic trends, a more cautious approach may be needed, especially for those in their 60s who wish to limit exposure to U.S. stocks.

Investors should also reevaluate the international component of their portfolios. While Vanguard's glide path recommends a 20% allocation to non-U.S. stocks, this may need to be adjusted based on the demographic outlook of specific countries. Over the next 25 years, developed nations outside the U.S. will also experience a decline in their M/O ratios, but not as sharply as in the U.S.

In the coming decades, emerging markets, particularly in Asia and Africa, are expected to see higher M/O ratios. As a greater portion of their populations enters middle age, these regions could experience economic expansion and market growth. To capitalize on these trends, it might make sense to increase your exposure to emerging markets, especially if you are nearing or already in retirement.

Conclusion: Preparing for Population Shifts and Stock Market Changes

Demographic trends, as illustrated by the M/O ratio, may influence stock markets and retirement planning. These trends indicate that starting in the early 2030s, investors, particularly those at ConocoPhillips with long-term horizons, may want to prepare for a period of potentially slower equity growth. As the middle-aged population reaches its peak, the stock market dynamics may shift, potentially leading to reduced returns in developed nations, including the United States.

To account for these anticipated demographic changes, it may be helpful to consider lowering your exposure to U.S. stocks and increasing your investment in emerging markets, where demographic trends appear more favorable. By adjusting your portfolio to reflect these long-term patterns, you can potentially position for a future with slower market growth and shifting global economic conditions. For a more sustainable retirement, begin planning now.

As the elderly population grows, the global workforce is shrinking, which could slow economic growth. A 2023 World Economic Forum report states that aging populations are contributing to a decline in the global workforce, potentially dampening economic productivity. This trend may lead to slower stock market returns and increased inflation, especially in developed countries where the aging population is advancing more rapidly.

Retirement planning must evolve as demographic changes and stock market patterns change. Understanding the M/O ratio and its implications could help you adjust your retirement portfolio, especially when considering opportunities in emerging markets. By aligning your investments with these demographic shifts, you can better prepare for a future where market growth may slow, supporting a more sustainable retirement.

Think of the stock market as a vehicle traveling along a winding road. For years, the car has been running smoothly, driven by a powerful engine (the large working-age population). But now, the engine is aging, and the fuel (economic growth and productivity) is running low. The aging population is like the car approaching a steep incline. Investors must adjust their speed, refuel with more strategic investments, and be ready for a slower journey into retirement.

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Sources:

1. Grindal, Alejandra. 'Why America's Aging Population Will Be a Problem for Stocks and Your Retirement.'  Morningstar , 2 June 2025.

2. Geanakoplos, John, Michael Magill, and Martine Quinzii. 'Demography and the Long-Run Predictability of the Stock Market.'  Brookings Institution , Jan. 2004, pp. 245–311.

3. Roberts, Stan. 'Why America's Aging Population Will Be a Problem for Stocks and Your Retirement.'  MarketWatch , 2 June 2025.

4. VanEck Research Team. 'Emerging Markets: Policy Uncertainty Tempers a Strong Start to 2025.'  VanEck , May 2025.

5. BlackRock. 'Five Forces Shaping Retirement.'  BlackRock , Feb. 2025.

How does the retirement process at ConocoPhillips provide guidance to employees in selecting the most beneficial form of payment? In what ways can employees utilize available resources to maximize their understanding of the pension options offered by ConocoPhillips?

The retirement process at ConocoPhillips provides employees with various resources to guide them in selecting the most beneficial form of pension payment. Employees can access the "How to Choose the Best Form of Payment" link on Your Benefits Resources™ (YBR) to learn more about their options and determine what works best for their financial situation​(ConocoPhillips_Your_Ret…).

What steps must be completed by employees at ConocoPhillips to ensure they initiate their retirement process accurately and avoid any delays? How crucial is the timing of these steps in determining the Benefit Commencement Date (BCD)?

Employees at ConocoPhillips must initiate the retirement process by requesting their pension paperwork 60-90 days before their Benefit Commencement Date (BCD). Timing is crucial, as missing deadlines may delay the BCD and associated payments. Completing all steps on time ensures that the retirement process flows smoothly​(ConocoPhillips_Your_Ret…).

Given the complexities associated with the lump-sum pension payment option at ConocoPhillips, what considerations should employees take into account before electing this choice? How does the current interest rate at the Benefit Commencement Date impact the lump-sum amount?

Before electing a lump-sum pension payment, ConocoPhillips employees should consider the current interest rate at their BCD, as it directly affects the lump-sum amount. A higher interest rate typically reduces the lump-sum payment, making timing and rate awareness critical​(ConocoPhillips_Your_Ret…).

In what ways can ConocoPhillips employees ensure their Pension Election Authorization form is completed correctly to facilitate timely pension payments? What are the implications of not adhering to the required notarized consent for married participants?

Ensuring the correct completion of the Pension Election Authorization form is vital for timely pension payments. For married participants, notarized spousal consent is required, and failure to provide this could result in delays or issues with payment processing​(ConocoPhillips_Your_Ret…).

How does choosing direct deposit for pension payments at ConocoPhillips streamline the retirement process for employees? What should employees know about setup and changes regarding direct deposit after initiating their pension benefits?

Choosing direct deposit for pension payments simplifies the process for employees at ConocoPhillips, as it enables automatic payments to their bank account. Employees can set up direct deposit during their retirement process or update it at a later time​(ConocoPhillips_Your_Ret…).

For employees considering rolling over their lump-sum pension payment from ConocoPhillips, what procedures should they follow to ensure compliance with IRS regulations and to avoid tax penalties? How can effective planning influence the success of this rollover?

Employees electing to roll over their lump-sum pension payment must follow specific IRS regulations to avoid tax penalties. Effective planning, such as obtaining rollover paperwork and adhering to IRS rules, ensures compliance and smooth fund transfer​(ConocoPhillips_Your_Ret…).

What resources does ConocoPhillips provide for employees to calculate and project their retirement income? How can these tools empower employees to make informed decisions regarding their future financial security?

ConocoPhillips provides employees with tools such as the "Project Retirement Income" feature on YBR, empowering them to calculate and project their retirement income. These resources help employees make informed decisions about their financial future​(ConocoPhillips_Your_Ret…).

How do deadlines play a pivotal role in the benefits process for retiring employees at ConocoPhillips, and what specific dates must be adhered to in order to avoid payment delays? Can you provide examples of consequences resulting from missed deadlines?

Deadlines are critical in ConocoPhillips' retirement process, as missing them can delay pension payments. For example, requesting pension paperwork after the 15th of the month can delay the BCD by a month, affecting the pension payout date​(ConocoPhillips_Your_Ret…).

What are the added advantages for employees at ConocoPhillips who actively seek assistance or information from the Benefits Center during their retirement planning? How can this proactive approach enhance their overall retirement experience?

Employees who seek assistance from the Benefits Center during their retirement planning benefit from personalized guidance. This proactive approach ensures that they fully understand their options and deadlines, enhancing their overall retirement experience​(ConocoPhillips_Your_Ret…).

How can employees at ConocoPhillips contact the Benefits Center to receive personalized assistance in navigating their retirement options? What specific resources and support can they expect when reaching out for help?

ConocoPhillips employees can contact the Benefits Center by calling 800-622-5501 or accessing YBR online. The Benefits Center provides personalized assistance and guidance, helping employees navigate their pension options effectively​(ConocoPhillips_Your_Ret…).

With the current political climate we are in it is important to keep up with current news and remain knowledgeable about your benefits.
ConocoPhillips offers a defined benefit pension plan called the ConocoPhillips Retirement Plan, vesting employees after three years. Benefits are calculated based on final average salary and years of service. The ConocoPhillips Savings Plan (CPSP) is the company’s 401(k) plan, matching 6% of contributions and adding a discretionary 3% based on performance. The plan includes immediate 100% vesting and supports traditional and Roth contributions. [Source: ConocoPhillips Benefits Overview, 2022, p. 20]
Merger and Layoffs: ConocoPhillips is set to merge with Marathon Oil in a deal worth over $22 billion, which will likely lead to at least 500 job cuts. The merger aims to achieve $500 million in cost savings and increased operational efficiency, though it may result in localized negative impacts, particularly in Houston (Sources: KTRH, Yahoo News). Financial Performance: ConocoPhillips reported strong financial results for the first half of 2024, with a production increase and substantial cash flow. The company generated $10.2 billion in cash from operations (Source: ConocoPhillips). Operational Strategy: The merger is part of a broader consolidation trend in the oil and gas industry, aiming to enhance production and shareholder value (Source: KTRH).
ConocoPhillips grants stock options and RSUs to incentivize employees. Stock options allow employees to buy shares at a set price after vesting, while RSUs are awarded with vesting conditions such as tenure or performance. In 2022, ConocoPhillips focused on RSUs to retain talent and align with strategic goals. This continued in 2023 and 2024, with broader RSU programs and performance-linked stock options. Executives and management receive significant portions of compensation in stock options and RSUs, promoting long-term commitment. [Source: ConocoPhillips Annual Reports 2022-2024, p. 91]
ConocoPhillips made notable changes to its healthcare benefits in 2022, including expanded preventive care and chronic disease management services. The company introduced new telehealth options and wellness programs by 2023. In 2024, ConocoPhillips continued to focus on comprehensive employee healthcare and integrating innovative solutions. The strategy aimed to support overall health with enhanced mental health resources and preventive care services. ConocoPhillips’ updates reflected a commitment to maintaining robust benefits and addressing employee needs effectively.
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For more information you can reach the plan administrator for ConocoPhillips at p.o. box 4783 Houston, TX 77079; or by calling them at 918-661-6199.

https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1163165/000119312523077649/d367442d10k.htm - Page 9, https://hrcpdocctr.conocophillips.com/Documents/HR-Benefits-documents/AE/Retiree_Handbook.pdf - Page 18, https://static.conocophillips.com/files/resources/conocophillips-pension-plan_implementation-stateme.pdf - Page 13, https://hrcpdocctr.conocophillips.com/Documents/HR-Benefits-documents/2022_SARs-ConocoPhillips.pdf - Page 22, https://hrcpdocctr.conocophillips.com/Documents/2024_Annual_Enrollment/COBRA_Guide.pdf - Page 15, https://hrcpdocctr.conocophillips.com/Documents/SPD/Savings_SPD.pdf - Page 25, https://retiree.uhc.com/content/dam/retiree/pdf/conocophillips/2024/2024-PG-ConocoPhillips-15750.pdf - Page 20, https://retiree.uhc.com/content/dam/retiree/pdf/conocophillips/2022/2022_Plan_guide_ConocoPhillips_15750-15773.pdf - Page 27, https://hrcpdocctr.conocophillips.com/Documents/2023_Annual_Enrollment/COBRA_Guide.pdf - Page 30, https://retiree.uhc.com/content/dam/retiree/pdf/conocophillips/2023/2023-conocophillips-pg-15750.pdf - Page 35

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